Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Informa UK Limited  

DOI： 10.1080/20964129.2021.1960200

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

<title>Abstract</title>Rapid growth in the international demand for palm oil has triggered considerable global concern because oil palm plantations deteriorate the environment where they are developed, resulting in complex environmental impacts in the producer nations. Here, we illustrate the historical trends in the structure of Indonesian palm oil supply chains and how these have been affected by the final demand of other nations since 2000 by using the most recent dataset of global material flows of palm oil and a global input–output database. In addition, the combination of spatial land-use change with palm oil consumption along the supply chains illustrates the linkages between ultimate consumption and land-use changes due to the palm oil plantations. As a result, the major contributors to palm oil production in Indonesia were mostly stable, being India, China, Western Europe, the United States, and Japan. However, the contribution of Indonesia declined by 6% during 2000–2013, illustrating a possible shift towards palm oil being used for non-food demands, such as apparel and medicines. Building on consumption-based accounting schemes as demonstrated by this study are considered necessary to protect local ecosystems and society.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-020-77458-4

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Other Link： http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-77458-4

Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138410

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Now Publishers  

DOI： 10.1561/112.00000509

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

DOI： 10.1007/s10668-019-00552-9

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Other Link： http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10668-019-00552-9/fulltext.html

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER  

The gender wage gap has long been a critical aspect of gender inequality. The issue is even more crucial for countries such as Nepal, where there are significant differences between men and women in educational attainment levels. This study investigates how educational attainment affects occupational choice for men and women in urban and rural areas. The result shows that females in rural areas have difficulty finding regular work even when their educational attainment level is controlled, compared with males and urban females. In addition, our decomposition results show that regular female workers in rural areas face a large wage gap owing to gender discrimination effects. These results indicate that, despite high education levels on par with males or urban females, rural females have fewer opportunities to find regular work and face significant wage discrimination. This may explain the perceived low incentives in educating girls in rural Nepal. This study contributes to the literature on gender wage gap by expanding the analysis to regular and casual labor markets and to urban and rural areas. (c) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.asieco.2019.07.004

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.14976/jals.29.2_61

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.10.001

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph15112376

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© 2018 Elsevier Ltd This study investigated insights into reducing energy-related CO2emissions in households by examining individual socio-economic drivers at a sub-national level. Specifically, the logarithmic mean Divisia index technique was used to decompose CO2emission trends into six drivers in all 47 prefectures of Japan during the period from 1990 to 2015. Drivers included the change in the number of households (household effect), distribution of households (distribution effect), household size (size effect), per-capita household energy consumption (consumption effect), household energy choice (choice effect), and sectoral CO2emission intensity (intensity effect). The results showed that, in contrast to size and the distribution effects, the number of households had a positive, significant effect on CO2emissions, indicating that recent demographic trends are responsible for the increase in CO2emissions observed in most of the prefectures during the study period. With regard to effects related to consumption and choice, CO2emissions due to changes in lifestyle dropped in only seven prefectures and reductions due to changes in sectoral energy choice were seen in only two prefectures in 2015. The intensity effect boosted the emissions of these prefectures the most in 2015 because of the shutdown of nuclear power plants due to the Great East Japan Earthquake. Further, we identified those prefectures that needed to reduce their per-capita energy consumption level in order to attain the reduction targets for household CO2emissions in 2030 from 2015, given projected changes in demographic trends and recent and projected emission intensities. In order to achieve reductions in total CO2emissions in line with the Paris Agreement, it is important to prioritize national and local policy interventions for the transfer of new household energy technologies, upgrade household appliances, and encourage people to limit energy consumption in light of the differences in these key drivers in each prefecture.

DOI： 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.07.057

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD  

Objective: We aimed to investigate how improvement in women's status affects the choice of contraceptive methods in Nepal.
Study design: We regressed the choice of contraceptive methods on women's status and other controlling variables by employing large-scale microdata representing over 12,000 married women aged 15-49 years in Nepal. Years of schooling and literacy were defined as women's status variables. We estimated how educational attainment affects the choice of contraceptive methods. We also analyzed how fear of their partners affected women's choices.
Results: Female sterilization was the most common choice among the contraceptive methods (25.5% of contraceptive users) in Nepal, followed by injections (19.9%). However, our estimation results showed that these options change with an improvement in women's status. An additional year of education increased the probability that women would choose condoms by 1.2 percentage points (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7, 1.6) and decreased the probability of choosing female sterilization by 1.4 percentage points (95% CI: -1.9, -0.8). For the well-educated women, injections and condoms became the first and second choices (29.5% and 21.5%), respectively, while female sterilization was the third option (17.9%) for contraceptive methods. Women's fear of their partners also affected the choice of contraceptive methods. The women who feared their partners were 7.0 percentage points more likely to choose female sterilization than condoms.
Conclusion: Improvement in women's status (more education and less fear of their partners) changed their contraceptive behaviors by increasing the probability of choosing condoms and decreasing the probability of choosing female sterilization in Nepal. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.srhc.2017.09.005

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Language：English   Publishing type：Part of collection (book)   Publisher：Springer Japan  

This chapter investigates key issues related to the implementation of REDD+ in Central Kalimantan Province of Indonesia, where peatland fires contribute significantly to the release of large amounts of carbon. We focus on the investigation of factors that promote peatland fire prevention and on the estimation of the Kalimantan Forest Carbon Partnership (KFCP), one of the earliest REDD+ plot projects. In our analysis, no effect of the KFCP is found, whereas economic factors, such as the value of labor allocation for rubber production and additional off-farm income, and noneconomic factors, such as traditional mutual assistance called Gotong-royong, can promote fire prevention. This finding is attributed to the fact that the KFCP failed to develop an appropriate incentive scheme. These results suggest that a better design for intervention would incorporate a combination of economic and noneconomic incentives to achieve an effective REDD+ policy.

DOI： 10.1007/978-4-431-55994-8_6

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Language：English   Publishing type：Part of collection (book)   Publisher：Springer Japan  

This chapter investigates the potential for REDDC in peatland of the Central Kalimantan Province of Indonesia, where a large peatland area captures substantial amounts of carbon. We briefly review the key features of REDDC that have been discussed in international negotiations as well as evaluate the estimated break-even prices for emission reductions through forest conservation. On the basis of estimation results, we conclude that, while REDDC would be potentially beneficial for mitigating global climate change as well as beneficial to the local community, many issues need to be better understood before arriving at a workable institutional designs. Our estimates for the Central Kalimantan case show that the break-even price for carbon is USD 15.45 per ton of carbon, which is far below the average price of carbon credits in 2009. This figure would be reduced to USD 0.71 per ton of carbon, when we include carbon captured in peat. On the other hand, the break-even price becomes much higher than the price of the carbon credits when we consider the possibilities of oil palm plantations. We also discuss the significant roles of economic and noneconomic incentives in successfully implementing REDDC thorough the households’ fire prevention activities.

DOI： 10.1007/978-4-431-55681-7_39

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

We investigate the price premium on certified wood from sustainable forests, using data from more than 38,000 log transactions in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. We found a positive and statistically significant effect of certification. The premium added by certification was 1.4% more than the price of conventional logs. This was well in the lower range of additional willingness to pay found in previous studies that used stated preference techniques. The effect of certification varies by wood species. The premium for cedar is 4.0%, while that for cypress is statistically insignificant. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.forpol.2013.07.002

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This paper estimates the break-even price in Central Kalimantan province, Indonesia and evaluates the effectiveness of a REDD+ mechanism in this area. On the basis of data collected through a field survey, we found that the break-even price is $15.45 per ton of carbon or $4.21 per ton of carbon dioxide. The figure can be even lower when we take the peat thickness of the area into account. Our analysis shows that the current level of carbon price can provide adequate compensation for Indonesian farmers. © 2012 Springer.

DOI： 10.1007/s10018-012-0030-x

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：神戸大学大学院経済学研究科  

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：English  

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Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Language：English  

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Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Language：English  

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：English  

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DOI： 10.15027/39663

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Language：English  

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Event date： 2020.5

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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