Language：Japanese   Publisher：相模原 : 認知神経科学会  

CiNii Books

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2023033153

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：東京 : 日本神経回路学会  

CiNii Books

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Other Link： https://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2022350924

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

DOI： 10.1002/pchj.415

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Other Link： https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/pchj.415

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.bandc.2019.103597

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<p>Functional neuroimaging refers to methods used to non-invasively visualize neural activity in the brain in relation to specific experimental variables. Over the past 15 years, functional neuroimaging has begun to provide novel findings on the neurobiology of our aesthetic activities and art appreciation. This chapter provides a review of functional neuroimaging studies, especially using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG), on a range of aesthetic experiences and evaluations and their neural correlates. It describes an overview of a number of core brain structures and networks engaged in aesthetic activities, together with general functions of each of the brain regions. It then discusses recent advancements in neuroaesthetics including an investigation into cross-cultural aspects, abstraction of beauty, a contextual effect on aesthetic evaluations, and new analysis techniques.</p>

DOI： 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198824350.013.14

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：American Psychological Association (APA)  

DOI： 10.1037/aca0000273

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier {BV}  

DOI： 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.12.016

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Language：Japanese  

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J-GLOBAL

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DOI： 10.1016/j.plrev.2018.03.013

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier B.V.  

Recent developments in neuroaesthetics have heightened the need for causative approaches to more deeply understand the mechanism underlying perception, emotion, and aesthetic experiences. This has recently been the topic for empirical work, employing several causative methods for changing brain activity, as well as comparative assessments of individuals with brain damage or disease. However, one area of study with high potential, and indeed a long history of often nonscientific use in the area of aesthetics and art, employing psychopharmacological chemicals as means of changing brain function, has not been systematically utilized. This chapter reviews the literature on this topic, analyzing neuroendocrinological (neurochemical) approaches and mechanisms that might be used to causatively study the aesthetic brain. We focus on four relevant neuromodulatory systems potentially related to aesthetic experience: the dopaminergic, serotonergic, cannabinoid, and the opioidergic system. We build a bridge to psychopharmacological methods and review drug-induced behavioral and neurobiological consequences. We conclude with a discussion of hypotheses and suggestions for future research.

DOI： 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.03.021

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：American Psychological Association ({APA})  

DOI： 10.1037/emo0000528

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier {BV}  

DOI： 10.1016/j.plrev.2017.06.003

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

We studied the neural mechanisms that are engaged during the experience of beauty derived from sorrow and from joy, two experiences that share a common denominator (beauty) but are linked to opposite emotional valences. Twenty subjects viewed and rerated, in a functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner, 120 images which each had classified into the following four categories: beautiful and sad; beautiful and joyful; neutral; ugly. The medial orbito-frontal cortex (mOFC) was active during the experience of both types of beauty. Otherwise, the two experiences engaged different parts of the brain: joyful beauty engaged areas linked to positive emotions while sorrowful beauty engaged areas linked to negative experiences. Separate regions of the cerebellum were engaged during experience of the two conditions. A functional connectivity analysis indicated that the activity within the mOFC was modulated by the supplementary motor area/middle cingulate cortex, known to be engaged during empathetic experiences provoked by other peoples' sadness. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4185-4200, 2017. (c) 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/hbm.23657

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1017/S0140525X17001698

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：岩波書店  

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Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.15105/J01677.2015319203

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J-GLOBAL

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Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.24636/vision.27.1_7

J-GLOBAL

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD  

Objective: Both behavioral and neural responses to deviant melody endings can be enhanced through musical training. Yet it is unknown whether there are any differences in the neural responses of musicians and non-musicians given no difference in their behavioral responses. It is also unknown whether the melody preceding the fixed final tone influences the sense of completion.
Methods: We recorded neuromagnetic responses in ten musicians and ten non-musicians while they were evaluating the sense of completion associated with melodies.
Results: The sense of a melody's completion was influenced by the combination of the preceding melody and the ending tones. The N1 had shorter latency in musicians, while the sustained field had larger amplitudes in non-musicians.
Conclusions: Musicians and non-musicians rated the sense of completion similarly, yet neural responses differed between the groups.
Significance: These findings suggest that neural processes in musicians and non-musicians may be distinct even when the sense of completion is assessed similarly in both groups. In other words, there might be specific tonal processing available to non-musicians which can compensate for their lack of musical training. (C) 2013 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

DOI： 10.1016/j.clinph.2013.09.027

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE  

We report experiments designed to learn whether different kinds of perceptually unstable visual images engage different neural mechanisms. 21 subjects viewed two types of bi-stable images while we scanned the activity in their brains with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); in one (intra-categorical type) the two percepts remained within the same category (e.g. face-face) while in the other (cross-categorical type) they crossed categorical boundaries (e.g. face-body). The results showed that cross- and intra-categorical reversals share a common reversal-related neural circuitry, which includes fronto-parietal cortex and primary visual cortex (area V1). Cross-categorical reversals alone engaged additional areas, notably anterior cingulate cortex and superior temporal gyrus, which have been posited to be involved in conflict resolution. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.

DOI： 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.01.040

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION  

Philosophies of aesthetics have posited that experience of the sublime-commonly but not exclusively derived from scenes of natural grandeur-is distinct from that of beauty and is a counterpoint to it. We wanted to chart the pattern of brain activity which correlates with the declared intensity of experience of the sublime, and to learn whether it differs from the pattern that correlates with the experience of beauty, reported in our previous studies (e.g., lshizu and Zeki, 2011). 21 subjects participated in a functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment. Prior to the experiment, they viewed pictures of landscapes, which they rated on a scale of 1-5, with 5 being the most sublime and 1 being the least. This allowed us to select, for each subject, five sets of stimuli-from ones experienced as very sublime to those experienced as not at all sublime-which subjects viewed and re-rated in the scanner while their brain activity was imaged. The results revealed a distinctly different pattern of brain activity from that obtained with the experience of beauty, with none of the areas active with the latter experience also active during experience of the sublime. Sublime and beautiful experiences thus appear to engage separate and distinct brain systems.

DOI： 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00891

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION  

In this paper we discuss the work of Francis Bacon in the context of his declared aim of giving a "visual shock." We explore what this means in terms of brain activity and what insights into the brain's visual perceptive system his work gives. We do so especially with reference to the representation of faces and bodies in the human visual brain. We discuss the evidence that shows that both these categories of stimuli have a very privileged status in visual perception, compared to the perception of other stimuli, including man-made artifacts such as houses, chairs, and cars. We show that viewing stimuli that depart significantly from a normal representation of faces and bodies entails a significant difference in the pattern of brain activation. We argue that Bacon succeeded in delivering his "visual shock" because he subverted the normal neural representation of faces and bodies, without at the same time subverting the representation of man-made artifacts.

DOI： 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00850

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

We recorded brain activity when 21 subjects judged the beauty (aesthetic or affective judgment) and brightness (perceptual or cognitive judgment) of simultaneously presented paintings. Aesthetic judgments engaged medial and lateral subdivisions of the orbitofrontal cortex as well as subcortical stations associated with affective motor planning (globus pallidus, putamenclaustrum, amygdala, and cerebellar vermis), whereas the motor, premotor and supplementary motor areas, as well as the anterior insula and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, were engaged by both kinds of judgment. The results lead us to conclude: (i) that there is a functional specialization for judgment, with aesthetic judgments engaging distinct systems, in addition to those that they share with perceptual judgments; (ii) that the systems engaged by affective judgments are those in which activity correlates with polar experiences (e.g. lovehate, beautyugliness, and attractionrepulsion); and (iii) that there is also a functional specialization in the motor pathways, with aesthetic judgments engaging motor systems not engaged by perceptual judgments, in addition to those engaged by both kinds of judgment.

DOI： 10.1111/ejn.12135

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Frontiers Media S. A.  

Disambiguation refers to the ability to interpret ambiguous information in a sensible way, which is important in an ever-changing external environment. Disambiguation occurs when prior knowledge is given before an ambiguous stimulus is presented. For example, labeling a series of meaningless blobs as a "human body" can change the observer's perception. The aim of this experiment was to study the neural circuitry underlying disambiguation caused by prior knowledge. We presented to participants a series of meaningless blobs with different contextual information. As participants performed this task, we used magnetoencephalography to map the brain areas that were activated when participants perceived blobs as a human body. The participants were presented identical sets of blob stimuli, and were instructed that a human body would appear more frequently in the "high body" condition than in the "low body" condition. We found the blob stimuli were more frequently perceived as the human body when they were presented in the "high body" condition. Such contextual modulation correlated with activity in the extrastriate body area (EBA) and the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Furthermore, we observed that IFG activation preceded EBA activation. These findings suggest that top-down processing in the IFG plays a role in disambiguating ambiguous information and modifying an individual's perceptions. © 2013 Ishizu.

DOI： 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00501

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Language：Japanese  

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/10091/15649

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE  

We wanted to learn whether activity in the same area(s) of the brain correlate with the experience of beauty derived from different sources. 21 subjects took part in a brain-scanning experiment using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Prior to the experiment, they viewed pictures of paintings and listened to musical excerpts, both of which they rated on a scale of 1-9, with 9 being the most beautiful. This allowed us to select three sets of stimuli-beautiful, indifferent and ugly-which subjects viewed and heard in the scanner, and rated at the end of each presentation. The results of a conjunction analysis of brain activity showed that, of the several areas that were active with each type of stimulus, only one cortical area, located in the medial orbito-frontal cortex (mOFC), was active during the experience of musical and visual beauty, with the activity produced by the experience of beauty derived from either source overlapping almost completely within it. The strength of activation in this part of the mOFC was proportional to the strength of the declared intensity of the experience of beauty. We conclude that, as far as activity in the brain is concerned, there is a faculty of beauty that is not dependent on the modality through which it is conveyed but which can be activated by at least two sources-musical and visual-and probably by other sources as well. This has led us to formulate a brain-based theory of beauty.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0021852

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

Intermanual transfer is the ability that previous studies by one limb promote the later learning by the other limb. This ability has been demonstrated in various effectors and types of training. Motor imagery, the mental simulation of motor execution, is believed to be strongly associated with the cognitive aspects of motor execution, and the pattern of brain activity during motor imagery is similar to that of motor execution, although the activation pattern is smaller, and the level is lower. If the cognitive component of motor execution strongly contributes to transfer, the training effect of motor imagery would be expected to transfer to the contralateral limb. In the present study, we used the tapping sequence paradigm to evaluate the occurrence of intermanual transfer through motor imagery and to compare differences of transfer effects to motor execution learning. We divided participants into three groups: an execution group, a motor imagery group and a no-training control group. Before and after a nondominant left hand training session, ipsilateral hand tests were conducted. After the post-test, a contralateral right-hand test was also conducted. In order to investigate the relationship between transfer effect and neural activation during the learning phase, we measured motor-related brain area activity using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Execution was effective especially for trained movement, imagery was effective for both trained movement and intermanual transfer. Brain activity suggesting predictive transfer differed between two groups, suggesting that motor execution and motor imagery training have different behavioural effects and neural contributions. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.04.048

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD  

A fundamental trait of human beings is the ability to discern information communicated by others The human body is one of the important sources of such information To date, several researchers have reported two body-selective regions in the brain-the extrastriate body area (EBA) and fusiform body area As compared to the number of studies on spatial distribution, studies on the temporal processing of body perception are few The electroencephalography (EEG) findings of a recent study indicate that observation of the human body Induces a remarkable response leading to the generation of event-related-potentials that peak at 190 ms. However, source localization by using EEG has limitations. The advantage of magnetoencephalography (MEG) is that It enables localization of cortical activities and has excellent temporal resolution. In this study, we used MEG to measure the neural responses underlying the perception of the human body Our results suggest that cortical activation induced by body images was observed in the bilateral EBA region with a latency of 190 ms and right-hemispheric dominance. Our study revealed the regions involved and the latency differences between these regions in body perception. Further, our results show the usefulness of MEG for body perception studies and suggest that like the face, the body plays a unique role in the human recognition process. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.06.047

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：三田哲学会  

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the imagery effect and the brain areas correlating with it using NIRS (Near Infrared Spectroscopy) and more importantly, to investigate and compare the effects of uni- and contralateral transfer between actual motor execution and motor imagery training. Our results revealed that while execution was effective only in case of trained movement, imagery was effective not only in case of trained movement, but also in case of bilateral transfer. The NIRS data revealed that both motor imagery and execution brought about the same level of activation in the supplementary motor area. Apparently, the SMA activation supports the effect of imagery training; however, the correlation between the degree of both after-effects and SMA activation in imagery training was not significant. On the contrary, the correlation be tween SMA activation and ipsilateral training effect was significant in case of the execution group.These results suggested that both motor execution and imagery have ipsilateral training effects; however, the areas predicted to be associated with the after-effects of training are different. Furthermore, with regard to the contralateral transfer effect, SMA activation did not predict the contralateral transfer effect in both trainings. This might indicate that the areas predicted to be associates with the after-effects of the training and with the intermanual transfer effect were not identical in case of the actual training. These differences in the after-effects between both trainings might be due to the different neural networks involved.

CiNii Books

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Other Link： http://koara.lib.keio.ac.jp/xoonips/modules/xoonips/detail.php?koara_id=AN00150430-00000121-0207

Language：English  

CiNii Books

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Other Link： http://koara.lib.keio.ac.jp/xoonips/modules/xoonips/detail.php?koara_id=AN00150430-00000121-0159

Language：English   Publisher：ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD  

DOI： 10.1016/j.neures.2009.09.1112

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD  

Most objects in our environment are organized hierarchically with a global whole embedding its local parts, but the way we recognize these features remains unclear. Using a visual masking paradigm, we examined the temporal dissociation between global and local feature as proposed in Reverse Hierarchy Theory, RHT (Ahissar Hochstein, 2000), where global and local information are assumed to be processed, respectively, by feed-forward and feedback systems. We found that in a long Stimulus Onset Asynchrony (SOA) condition, both global and local information were recognized adequately. However, in a short SOA condition, global information was recognized correctly while local recognition was critically disrupted. Consistent with RHT, it is suggested that local information is processed in a feedback system; this processing is then interrupted by the mask stimulus presented later at the primary visual area. Global information, by contrast, is transferred via a feed-forward system, and is not disrupted by the mask.

DOI： 10.1080/00207450802540524

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD  

The extrastriate body area (EBA) lies in the occipital-temporal cortex and has been described as a "body-selective" region that responds when viewing other people&apos;s bodies. Recently, several studies have reported that EBA is also modulated when the subject moves or imagines moving their own body, even without visual feedback. The present study involved 3 experiments, wherein the first experiment was conducted to examine whether near-infrared spectroscopy (LAIRS) could capture any activity in the EBA when viewing images of bodies. The second experiment was designed to elucidate whether this region also responds when the subjects move their own body, and the third to observe whether imagining carrying out a movement would activate EBA. Images of human bodies and chairs were used as the stimuli for the first experiment, simple hand movements carried out by the subject were used for the second and the act of imagining hand movements for the third. Our results confirmed that the region we defined as EBA was clearly activated when the subject viewed images of human bodies, carried out movements of their own body and imagined moving parts of their own body, thus demonstrating the usefulness of LAIRS as a new brain imaging method. Moreover, we found a gender-based difference when imagining movement; male subjects showed a greater response than female subjects. This may reflect a gender difference in imagery skills; however, further research is needed to verify this hypothesis. Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.08.079

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author  

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Language：Japanese  

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Other Link： http://koara.lib.keio.ac.jp/xoonips/modules/xoonips/detail.php?koara_id=AN0006957X-00000066-0119

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  

Inhibition of return (IOR) is a phenomenon that involves reaction times (RTs) to a spatially cued target that are longer than RTs to an uncued target when the interval between the cue and target is prolonged. Although numerous studies have examined IOR, no consensus has yet been reached regarding the neural mechanisms responsible for it. We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) and measured the human neural responses underlying the time course of 1011, applying a typical spatial cueing paradigm. The cue-target interval was 600 +/- 200 ms. Three experimental conditions were employed. Cued; the cue and target were presented at the same location. Uncued; the two stimuli were presented at opposite locations. Neutral; the cue stimulus was presented bilaterally. We found differences in the amplitudes of signals in the postero-temporal and bilateral temporal areas, and peak latencies in a central area between the cued and uncued conditions. These signals were localized to the extrastriate cortex, bilateral temporal-parietal junction (TPJ), and primary motor cortex, respectively. Bilateral TPJ activities are related to the identification of salient events in the sensory environment both within and independent of the current behavioral context and may play an important role in IOR in addition to extrastriate and the primary motor cortex. (C) 2008 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.07.064

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD  

During the viewing of human faces, it is easier to recognize detailed features if the face is presented in an unusual configuration; for example, a split face. The present study used electroencephalography to investigate the brain activity elicited in response to a neutral, inverted, and split face and compared this to the activity produced in response to a non-facial stimulus (a clock). Results showed that the N170 response amplitude was larger and its latency longer during recognition of split and inverted faces as compared to a normal face, whereas no amplitude change was seen for the different clock configurations. However, for the P300 component, larger amplitudes were observed in both the face and the object condition. Taken together, the results suggest that unusual human face presentations are detected at earlier stages than unusual object presentations.

DOI： 10.1080/00207450701769398

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Language：Japanese  

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Other Link： http://koara.lib.keio.ac.jp/xoonips/modules/xoonips/detail.php?koara_id=AN0006957X-00000064-0148

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：International Congress Series  

In the Simon task, the reaction time to identify a target stimulus is slowed when the spatial location of target and its response coding do not correspond, compared with reaction times when spatial location and response coding do correspond. The present study examined the behavioral adjustment process in the Simon task using reaction time and ERPs. Behavioural results showed that the Simon effect included trial-to-trial behavioural adjustment process. ERPs on the early stage (N270 and P300 latency) showed the significant difference with S-R compatibility. However, no significant difference was observed in the N50-N150-ms range after responses. (c) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ics.2004.11.144

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人 日本心理学会  

DOI： 10.4992/pacjpa.72.0_1PM075

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