Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本健康医学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Dietary factors, particularly proteins, have been extensively explored to combat cognitive impairment. We have previously reported that dietary fish (Alaska Pollock) protein (APP) is more effective than casein (CAS) or fish oil in maintaining short-term memory in senescence-accelerated mice prone 10 (SAMP10). To examine the specificity of the protective effect of APP intakes against short-term memory decline, we assessed the impact of various dietary animal proteins, including APP, CAS, chicken breast protein (CP), and whey protein (WP), against age-related cognitive function in SAMP10 mice. After feeding the experimental diets for 5 months, memory was assessed using the Y-maze. The APP group exhibited a significant increase in spontaneous alternation behavior as an indicator of working memory when group compared with groups fed with other protein source. Additionally, the APP group displayed significantly higher neurofilament heavy chain positivity than the CAS and CP groups, as evidenced immunohistochemical analysis. Gut microbiota analysis indicated that dietary APP significantly enhanced the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, which positively correlated with spontaneous alternation behavior. Collectively, these findings suggest that dietary APP is more effective than CAS, CP, or WP in preventing age-related short-term memory decline and morphological abnormalities in the hippocampal axons of SAMP10 mice. Moreover, APP-mediated improvements in cognitive deficits may be associated with changes in microbiota diversity. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This research suggests that dietary fish protein from Alaska Pollock may be more efficient in prevention short-term memory decline in mice, compared to other animal proteins. This finding has practical implications for nutritional optimization, developing the new health food products, and elucidating the relationship between the impact of specific proteins on gut microbiota and prevention of age-related cognitive decline.

DOI： 10.1111/1750-3841.17119

PubMed

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/foods13060967

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/ijms25042344

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Oil Chemists' Society  

DOI： 10.5650/jos.ess24105

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/nu14214618

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DOI： 10.3390/foods11213434

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/foods11213434

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI AG  

Previously, we have reported that the intake of oyster extract (OE), prepared from Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas), can attenuate symptoms of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute experimental colitis in mice. Herein, we aimed to evaluate whether OE intake ameliorates chronic experimental colitis induced by repeated DSS administration in mice. Male C57BL/6J (4-week-old) mice were fed either the standard diet AIN93G (control diet) or the control diet containing 5.0% (w/w) OE (OE diet). After 21 days of diet feeding, chronic experimental colitis was induced by three cycles of 2.0% (w/w) DSS solution administration (5 days), followed by distilled water (5 days). Mice fed OE alleviated the shortened colonic length, increased the relative weight of the spleen, colonic histopathological score (regeneration), and blood in the stool score compared with mice fed control diet. A tendency to improve the α-diversity of fecal microbiota, which was exacerbated by colitis, was observed in mice fed OE. Correlation analysis suggested that the anti-colitis effect of OE intake could be related to the valeric acid content and relative abundances of Ruminococcus and Enterococcus in the feces. In conclusion, OE could ameliorate DSS-induced chronic experimental colitis by improving the gut environment, including the microbiota community and SCFA composition.

DOI： 10.3390/foods11142032

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Informa UK Limited  

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of scallop oil (SCO) on atopic dermatitis (AD)-like symptoms induced by mite allergens in the dorsal and ear skins of NC/Nga mice compared to those of refined corn oil and krill oil (KO). SCO, rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids, was prepared from the internal organs of Japanese giant scallop, an underutilized fishery resource in Japan. Results showed that SCO intake improved AD-like symptoms, including ear edema, ear thickness, and transepidermal water loss of dorsal skin, and tended to decrease the scratching behavior, whereas KO intake did not. Further, SCO intake decreased the degranulated mast cell count and increased the tight junction protein claudin-1 expression, which is important for the barrier function, in the dorsal skin compared to refined corn oil intake. SCO improved the AD-like symptoms by suppressing mast cell degranulation and strengthening the barrier function of dorsal skin in NC/Nga mice.

DOI： 10.1093/bbb/zbac055

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

While the cardioprotective functions of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids have been previously demonstrated, little is known about their effects on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In this study, we compared the effects of EPA and DHA on hypertrophic responses in cardiomyocytes and development of heart failure in rats with myocardial infarction (MI). Both EPA and DHA significantly suppressed phenylephrine- and p300-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, transcription of hypertrophy response genes, and acetylation of histone H3K9 in cardiomyocytes. EPA and DHA directly inhibited p300-histone acetyltransferase activity (IC50: 37.8 and 30.6 μM, respectively). Further, EPA- and DHA-induced allosteric inhibition of histones and competitive inhibition of acetyl-CoA, and significantly prevented p300-induced hypertrophic responses. Rats with moderate MI (left ventricular fractional shortening [FS] <40%) were randomly assigned to three groups, namely, vehicle (saline), EPA (1 g/kg), and DHA (1 g/kg). One week after the operation, rats were orally administrated with test agents for 6 weeks. Echocardiographic analysis demonstrated that both EPA and DHA treatments preserved FS and prevented MI-induced left ventricular remodeling. Furthermore, EPA and DHA significantly suppressed the MI-induced increase in myocardial cell diameter, perivascular fibrosis, mRNA levels of hypertrophic markers, fibrosis, and acetylation of histone H3K9. The effects on hypertrophic responses and the development of heart failure were not different between EPA and DHA groups. Both EPA and DHA suppressed hypertrophic responses and the development of heart failure to the same extent through the inhibition of p300-HAT activity.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109031

PubMed

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/foods11030373

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI AG  

Protein derived from fish has not only nutritional properties but also health-promoting properties. Few studies have examined the effect of dietary Alaska pollock protein (APP) on the anticolitis effect reported to be associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study investigated the effect of APP intake on colitis symptoms, gut microbiota, and its metabolites in the experimental colitis mouse model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: (1) DSS-untreated mice fed an American Institute of Nutrition (AIN) 93G diet (protein source is casein), (2) DSS-treated mice fed an AIN93G diet, and (3) DSS-treated mice fed an APP diet. After the mice were fed the diets for 21 days, experimental colitis was induced by three cycles of 2% DSS administration for 5 days followed by washouts over the course of 5 days. APP-reduced body weight loss increased the disease activity index, and elevated spleen weight and alleviated colon length shortening and colonic tissue damage. Furthermore, APP altered the structure and composition of the microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in feces. Since APP intake alleviates experimental colitis induced by DSS administration through alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites, we deduced that APP would inhibit MetS progression via colitis suppression.

DOI： 10.3390/metabo12010044

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Frontiers Media SA  

In this study, we successfully prepared scallop oil (SCO), which contains high levels of phospholipids (PL) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), from the internal organs of the Japanese giant scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis), one of the most important underutilized fishery resources in Japan. The intake of SCO lowers the serum and liver cholesterol contents in mice; however, whether the fatty acids (FA) composition or PL of SCO exhibits any cholesterol-lowering effect remains unknown. To elucidate whether the cholesterol-lowering function is due to FA composition or PL of SCO, and investigate the cholesterol-lowering mechanism by SCO, in the present study, mice were fed SCO's PL fraction (SCO-PL), triglyceride (TG)-type oil with almost the same FA composition as SCO-PL, called SCO's TG fraction (SCO-TG), soybean oil (SOY-TG), and soybean's PL fraction (SOY-PL). Male C57BL/6J mice (5-week-old) were fed high-fat and cholesterol diets containing 3% (w/w) experimental oils (SOY-TG, SOY-PL, SCO-TG, and SCO-PL) for 28 days. The SCO-PL diet significantly decreased the serum and liver cholesterol contents compared with the SOY-TG diet, but the intake of SOY-PL and SCO-TG did not show this effect. This result indicated that the serum and liver cholesterol-lowering effect observed in the SCO intake group was due to the effect of SCO-PL. The cholesterol-lowering effect of SCO-PL was in part related to the promotion of liver cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) expression, which is the rate-limiting enzyme for bile acid synthesis. In contrast, the expression levels of the ileum farnesoid X receptor (Fxr) and fibroblast growth factor 15 (Fgf15), which inhibit the expression of liver CYP7A1, were significantly reduced in the SCO-PL group than the SOY-TG group. From these results, the increase in the liver CYP7A1 expression by dietary SCO-PL was in part through the reduction of the ileum Fxr/Fgf15 regulatory pathway. Therefore, this study showed that SCO-PL may be a health-promoting component as it lowers the serum and liver cholesterol contents by increasing the liver CYP7A1 expression, which is not seen in SOY-PL and SCO-TG.

DOI： 10.3389/fnut.2021.761928

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Oil Chemists' Society  

DOI： 10.5650/jos.ess21189

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Oil Chemists' Society  

DOI： 10.5650/jos.ess21032

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

DOI： 10.1002/fsn3.1967

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Other Link： https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/fsn3.1967

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104266

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DOI： 10.1111/1750-3841.15413

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japanese Society of Toxicology  

DOI： 10.2131/fts.7.177

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MDPI AG  

Internal organs of discarded scallops are rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, but it is not used as a food ingredient due to the presence of toxic substances. Recently, our research team prepared high-quality scallop oil (SCO) from the internal organs of the Japanese giant scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis), in which cadmium and diarrhetic shellfish toxin are below regulated levels. In this study, SCO was prepared from the internal organs of scallops obtained from Mutsu and Uchiura bays in Japan, and was referred to as SCO-M (scallop oil from Mutsu bay) and SCO-U (scallop oil from Uchiura bay), respectively. Acute and subacute toxicity studies were performed to assess the safety of the prepared SCO. In acute toxicity study, mice were orally administered SCO-M and SCO-U at a single dose of 5,000 mg/kg body weight. In a 28-day repeated oral dose toxicity study, the mice were fed diets containing 1% and 5% SCO-M and SCO-U; and in a 13-week repeated oral dose toxicity study, the mice were fed 5% SCO-M and SCO-U. There were no toxicologically significant changes in clinical signs, hematology, blood chemistry, and organ weights at any dose during the experiment. Therefore, it was concluded that SCO-M and SCO-U are safe for use as food ingredients under the experimental conditions of this study.

DOI： 10.3390/foods9060691

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD  

This paper proposes a mechanism for preventing needle buckling and skin deformation by mimicking the mosquito's labium and discusses a puncturing device with a jig-integrated microneedle, based on the proposed mechanism. A sheet simplifying this mechanism was attached to an artificial skin's surface, and experiments to puncture this artificial skin and corresponding finite element method (FEM) analysis were conducted. It was confirmed that the deformation of the puncture target and the puncture resistance force decreased with the use of the sheet. Based on these experimental and FEM-analytical results, a puncturing device with a jig-integrated needle has been designed and fabricated with 3D laser lithography. Experiments have been conducted with the fabricated device to puncture an artificial skin and the skin of a nude mouse to determine needle buckling prevention and the reduction in skin deformation. The study successfully samples blood from the mouse without stagnation of blood flow.

DOI： 10.20965/ijat.2020.p0117

Web of Science

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.20965/jrm.2020.p0351

Scopus

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Oil Chemists' Society  

DOI： 10.5650/jos.ess19183

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.5650/jos.ess19103

Scopus

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japanese Society of Toxicology  

DOI： 10.2131/fts.6.137

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1111/1750-3841.14416

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人 精密工学会  

蚊の針は細いが穿刺時に折れず，皮膚にたわみが生じない．本研究では，麻酔したマウスの皮膚に対する蚊の穿刺を顕微鏡で観察し，蚊の針が皮膚を貫く仕組み，ならびに口針を包む鞘である下唇の役割を解明しようと試みた．その結果，皮膚表面における蚊の針の挿入時の下唇の動きを観察できた．

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2018a.0_742

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.  

A device integrating microneedle and jig is proposed for preventing both needle buckling and skin deformation, which is inspired by the function of mosquito labium. A microneedle with thin plate-like holder is set inside a guiding slit of jig. With this slit, it becomes possible to push down the holder part until it comes into contact with the skin, that is, it can pierce the skin to the bottom of needle. The constricted part of slit prevents the needle from moving out of central hole of jig, preventing its buckling. Not only applying tension to the skin but also preventing surface concaved deformation is effective for easy puncture without stimulating pain sensory nerves. We propose a method of securing the jig so that it does not move in vertical direction, and fixing the bottom of jig to the skin surface with an adhesive substance (organic adhesive material, e.g., mucin, double-sided adhesive tape, etc.). The integrated device was fabricated using a 3D laser lithography machine. To increase the adhesive area, a skirt-like base is provided.

DOI： 10.1109/MEMSYS.2018.8346552

Scopus

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人 精密工学会  

我々は，マイクロニ―ドルを用いた採血を行っている．マイクロニードルは細いためピンポイントで血管に穿刺する必要がある．また，スムーズな穿刺を行うために穿刺抵抗力と皮膚の窪みを低減させることも重要である．本稿では，マイクロニードルを往復回転運動させて穿刺時の穿刺抵抗力と人工皮膚表面の窪みを防止すること，血管を可視化させることを行った．上記の2つを組み合わせた状態でヌードマウスからの採血を行った．

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2018s.0_531

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人 精密工学会  

現在，医療の現場では低侵襲性の採血用ニードルが求められている．我々は，蚊の皮膚への穿刺メカニズムを解明することで低侵襲性マイクロニードルを作成しようとしている．本報告では，蚊の穿刺メカニズムの解明に有精卵を用いた新しい実験系を提案し，確立した．さらに高速度カメラを用いた観察を行うことで，より鮮明な蚊の吸血に伴う針の様子を捉えることに成功した．

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2018s.0_533

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

DOI： 10.1299/jsmebio.2018.30.1i14

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

DOI： 10.1299/jsmebio.2018.30.1i15

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

DOI： 10.1299/jsmebio.2018.30.1i11

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

We tried to elucidate the mechanism of a blood sucking of a female mosquito using her needle, and the role of the mosquito's labium which is the sheath wrapped around its needles. Using an inverted microscope, we successfully observed the moment when a mosquito inserted its needle into a mouse skin. As a result, it was observed that the mosquito twisted the labium when she inserts her needle to the mouse skin. In addition, it was observed that the mosquito's needle hardly distorts the skin and blood vessels of the mouse.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecj.2018.j1510201

DOI： 10.20965/ijat.2024.p0276_references_DOI_NymeuDnYlynq2dsmWgBOX3P6D4t

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

In this laboratory, we focus on the fact that there is no pain even if it is bitten by a mosquito, and we are developing plastic microneedles that mimic mosquito needles. In past research, microneedles with a length of 1.5 mm, an outer diameter of 100 μm, and an inner diameter of 50 μm were prepared and a nude mouse was punctured. However, when the microneedle was punctured into a nude mouse, the skin flexed greatly due to the flexibility of the skin, and the microneedle did not get stuck. And eccentric load acted on the microneedle due to deflection of the skin and the microneedle buckled. Therefore, in this paper, we attached a needle to the buckling prevention mechanism and skin depression prevention mechanism. A needle incorporating these two mechanisms was punctured into a nude mouse, and the usefulness of each mechanism and the aspiration amount of blood were evaluated.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecj.2018.j1510204

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

In order to utilize the results to development of a low invasive microneedle, we tried to clarify the mechanism of puncturing motion of mosquito's needle into the animal's skin and blood vessels. We established an observation system for puncturing motion of a mosquito's needle to blood vessel and its blood sucking motion using a high-speed camera, an inverted microscope, and a half-incubated egg. As a result, we succeeded in elucidating how the mosquito insert blood vessel and suck blood.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecj.2018.j1510202

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：生命科学系学会合同年次大会運営事務局  

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/09168451.2017.1314758

Scopus

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3746/pnf.2017.22.2.90

Scopus

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY  

Tuna muscle consists of light and dark muscle in approximately equal proportions. However, besides for the light muscle of tuna, cod, sardine, and salmon, few researches have assessed the health-promoting functions of fish protein. Therefore, we evaluated the mechanisms underlying the alteration of lipid storage and cholesterol metabolism following the intake of tuna dark muscle protein (TDMP) by obese type-2 diabetic/obese mice. Four-week-old male KK-A(y) mice were separated into 2 dietary groups, with one group receiving a casein-based diet and the other receiving a diet with the substitution of part of the protein (50%, w/w) by TDMP (TDMP diet) for 4 wk. The TDMP diet significantly increased the content of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, partly due to the reduction of the expression of scavenger receptor class B member 1 in epididymal white adipose tissue. In addition, dietary TDMP decreased the content of hepatic triacylglycerol, which could be due to the enhancement of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-2 activity through the activation of the expression of the peroxisome proliferative activated receptor- in the liver. These results suggest that TDMP could have the potential to prevent the development of obesity-related diseases by suppressing the storage of hepatic triacylglycerol and cholesterol.

DOI： 10.1111/1750-3841.13711

Web of Science

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Language：English   Publisher：Japan Society for Biomedical Research on Trace Elements  

<p>Although high dietary iodine intake due to consumption of edible kelp (kombu) is observed, there are few health problems associated with iodine in Japan. Since several kinds of isoflavones contained in soybeans act as goitrogens, the consumption of soybean may modify the adverse effects of excess iodine derived from kombu. In the present study, to clarify the effects of eating soybean meal on thyroid function and tissue distribution of iodine, we measured iodine content of serum and several organs in rats fed casein diet or soybean meal diet with or without kombu powder. Four types of experimental diet (casein diet, casein diet with 5% kombu, soybean meal diet, soybean meal diet with 5% kombu) were prepared using dried kombu powder (Saccharina diabolica; iodine content, 7.18 mg/g). Twenty-four male 4-week-old Wistar rats were divided into four groups and fed these four diets for four weeks each. No significant differences were observed in animal growth, thyroid weights, serum total thyroxine, triiodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations among the four groups. Irrespective of dietary protein (casein or soybean), the iodine content in thyroid gland of all four groups was significantly increased to a similar level by the administration of kombu. Iodine concentrations in serum, liver and kidney were also increased by the kombu, but the increases of iodine in these tissues were significantly lower in rats fed soybean than in those fed casein indicating that soybean meal reduced the content of iodine in serum, liver and kidney. These results suggest that the consumption of soybean products could prevent the manifestation of adverse effects due to an excess iodine intake from kombu.</p>

DOI： 10.11299/brte.28.28

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本栄養・食糧学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人 精密工学会  

現在，医療の現場では低侵襲性の採血用ニードルが求められている．本研究室では，蚊の穿刺メカニズムを解明することで低侵襲性マイクロニードルを作成しようとしており，蚊をヌードマウスに穿刺させることで観察を行ってきた．本報告ではこれを有精卵とし，その血管の観察のしやすさ，実験準備の容易さなどから新たな実験系を確立した．

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2017a.0_935

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人 精密工学会  

蚊の針は細いが穿刺時に折れず，皮膚にたわみが生じない．本研究では，麻酔したマウスの皮膚に対する蚊の穿刺を倒立顕微鏡で観察し，蚊の針が皮膚を貫いて吸血する仕組み，ならびに口針を包む鞘である下唇の役割を解明しようと試みた．その結果，蚊の針の挿入時の下唇の動きや，蚊の血管を探す様子や吸血する様子，そして穿刺時に皮膚がほとんどたわまず，上唇を血管に挿し入れる時に血管が変形しないことが観察できた．

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2017a.0_897

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人 精密工学会  

我々は，蚊に刺されても痛みを感じないことに着目し，三次元光造形装置を用いて，プラスチック製のマイクロニードルを作製している．本稿では，穿刺時の血管の様子を鮮明に観察するために倒立顕微鏡を用いてヌードマウスへの穿刺実験を皮膚の裏側から観察することを提案する．また，今回は予備的に手動マニピュレータを用いてヌードマウスへの穿刺実験を行い，マイクロニードルの血液吸引能力を評価した．

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2017a.0_933

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本栄養・食糧学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SPRINGER HEIDELBERG  

Phospholipids (PL) containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have beneficial effects of maintaining and promoting health compared with triacylglycerols (TAG) containing n-3 PUFA or general PL. This study evaluated the effects of dietary PL containing n-3 PUFA and elucidated the effects of the glycerophosphate structure and n-3 PUFA on fatty acid (FA) metabolism in rats. Rats were fed a basal diet containing soybean oil alone, TAG containing n-3 PUFA (1.8 %), soybean PL (2.7 %), PL containing n-3 PUFA (2.7 %), or TAG containing n-3 PUFA (1.8 %) + soybean PL (2.7 %). The present n-3 PUFA-supplemented diets had similar FA compositions, and the PL diets had similar PL compositions. TAG containing n-3 PUFA reduced serum TAG contents, but did not affect serum cholesterol contents compared with soybean oil alone. PL diets containing n-3 PUFA and the combination of TAG containing n-3 PUFA and soybean PL resulted in decreased serum and liver TAG contents compared with the diet containing soybean oil alone, reflecting enhanced liver FA beta-oxidation. The results of this study show that TAG containing n-3 PUFA with added soybean PL affects serum and liver TAG and cholesterol contents to a similar degree as PL containing n-3 PUFA. TAG containing n-3 PUFA and soybean PL are widely used as functional food ingredients and pharmaceutical constituents and are inexpensive compared with PL containing n-3 PUFA. Therefore, the combination of TAG containing n-3 PUFA and soybean PL has potential as a useful and inexpensive component of functional foods.

DOI： 10.1007/s11745-016-4118-0

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：KOREAN SOCIETY FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-KOSFOST  

In an effort to clarify whether the lipid-lowering effect of hemoglobin is due to globin protein or heme, this study investigated the effects of dietary porcine hemoglobin (PH) and porcine globin (PG) on lipids contents of serum, liver, and feces in rats. Five-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into 3 dietary groups of 7 rats each, with one group receiving a control diet and the other groups receiving diets containing 1.25% (w/w) PH or 1.18% (w/w) PG for 4 weeks. The PH diet decreased triacylglycerol content in serum and cholesterol in serum and liver, whereas the PG diet reduced triacylglycerol content in serum and cholesterol in liver. Fecal lipid excretion in the PH group was significantly higher than in the PG group. Therefore, PH affected lipid excretion to feces due to globin protein as well as heme.

DOI： 10.1007/s10068-016-0106-7

Web of Science

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Language：Japanese  

CiNii Books

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2017275076

Language：Japanese  

CiNii Books

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2017275073

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Language：English  

CiNii Books

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2017275077

Language：Japanese  

CiNii Books

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2017275079

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

Protamine has been used as an antiheparin drug and a natural preservative in various food products. However, limited studies have evaluated the physicochemical and functional properties of protamine. Hence, we assessed the mechanisms underlying the inhibition of lipid absorption following salmon protamine intake in in vitro and in vivo studies. In initial experiments, a salmon protamine hydrolyzate (PH) was prepared using in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion suppressed pancreatic lipase activity and micellar cholesterol solubility. This PH had higher bile acid-binding capacity and emulsion breakdown activity than casein hydrolyzate and l-arginine. However, the hypolipidemic functions of protamine were dramatically reduced by pancreatin digestion. In further experiments, groups of male Wistar rats were fed an AIN-93G diet containing 5% (wt/wt) salmon protamine or a protamine amino acid mixture. After 4 wk of feeding with experimental diets, reductions in serum and liver triacylglycerol (TAG) and cholesterol contents were observed in the presence of protamine, reflecting inhibition of TAG, cholesterol, and bile acid absorption. These data suggest that the formation of insoluble PH-bile acid complexes is critical before the bile acid-binding capacity is reduced. Therefore, dietary salmon protamine may ameliorate lifestyle-related diseases such as hyperlipidemia and obesity.

DOI： 10.1111/1750-3841.13003

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：HUMANA PRESS INC  

Organ molybdenum (Mo) concentration and the activity of hepatic sulfite oxidase and xanthine oxidase were compared in tungsten-administered rats as well as rats fed with a low Mo diet to evaluate the use of tungsten-administered rats as a model of Mo deficiency. Twenty-four male 6-week-old Wistar rats were divided into four groups according to diet (AIN93G diet (control diet) or the control diet minus ammonium molybdate (low Mo diet)) and drinking water (deionized water or deionized water containing 200 mu g/mL tungsten in the form of sodium tungstate). Mo content in the control and low Mo diets were 196 and 42 ng/g, respectively. Intake of the low Mo diet significantly reduced the Mo content of several organs and serum. Decrease in hepatic sulfite oxidase activity was also induced by the low Mo diet. The administration of tungsten induced marked decreases in organ Mo content and the activity of hepatic sulfite oxidase and xanthine oxidase. These decreases induced by tungsten administration were more pronounced than those induced by just a low Mo diet. Serum uric acid was also reduced by tungsten administration irrespective of Mo intake. Although a comparatively high accumulation of tungsten (3 to 9 mu g/g) was observed in the kidneys and liver, adverse effects of tungsten accumulation on liver and kidney function were not observed in serum biochemical tests. These results indicate that tungsten-administered animals may be used as a model of Mo deficiency.

DOI： 10.1007/s12011-015-0239-1

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition  

ε-Polylysine (EPL) is used as a natural preservative in food. However, few studies have been conducted to assess the beneficial functions of dietary EPL. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanism underlying the inhibition of neutral and acidic sterol absorption and hepatic enzyme activity-related fatty acid biosynthesis following EPL intake. EPL digest prepared using an in vitro digestion model had lower lipase activity and micellar lipid solubility and higher bile acid binding capacity than casein digest. Male Wistar rats were fed an AIN-93G diet containing 1% (wt/wt) EPL or L-lysine. After 4 weeks of feeding these diets, the marked decrease in serum and liver triacylglycerol contents by the EPL diet was partly attributed to increased fecal fatty acid excretion. The activities of hepatic acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, which are key enzymes of fatty acid biosynthesis, were enhanced in rats fed EPL diet. The increased fatty acid biosynthesis activity due to dietary EPL may be prevented by the enhancement of fecal fatty acid excretion. The hypocholesterolemic effect of EPL was mediated by increased fecal neutral and acidic sterol excretions due to the EPL digest suppressing micellar lipid solubility and high bile acid binding capacity. These results show that dietary EPL has beneficial effects that could help prevent lifestyle-related diseases such as hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.

DOI： 10.3746/pnf.2015.20.1.43

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DOI： 10.1016/j.jff.2015.01.038

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology  

Yabumame, a legume family member, similar to hog-peanut, is an important traditional food for the Ainu people of Japan. However, its nutritional components and bioactivities are unknown. It has been suggested that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation by reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be a key factor in the onset of atherosclerosis. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant activity of yabumame extract (YE) against LDL oxidation in vitro. Total polyphenol content in YE was 1.9%. YE showed 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity in solution. YE suppressed lipid peroxidation in LDL induced by free radicals or transition metal ions. YE also inhibited the oxidative modification of apolipoprotein B-100 in the oxidized LDL. The results suggest that YE can suppress LDL oxidation by ROS that leads to atherosclerosis.

DOI： 10.3136/fstr.21.589

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：CENTER ACADEMIC PUBL JAPAN  

Serum and tissue iodine concentration was measured in rats fed a diet supplemented with powdered kombu (Saccharina sculpera) or potassium iodide to evaluate the absorption of iodine from kombu. Eighteen male 5-wk-old Wistar rats were divided into three groups and fed a basal AIN93G diet (iodine content, 0.2 mg/kg) or the basal diet supplemented with iodine (183 mg/kg) either in the form of kombu powder or potassium iodine (KI) for 4 wk. There were no differences in weight gain or serum biochemistry tests (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity, and total serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentration) after iodine supplementation. In addition, serum levels of the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine, as well as thyroid-stimulating hormone, were not affected. On the other hand, serum and tissue (thyroid, liver and kidney) iodine concentrations were markedly elevated after iodine supplementation. There was no difference in thyroid iodine concentration between KI and kombu supplementation. However, there was a significant difference observed in the iodine concentrations of serum, liver and kidney between the two iodine sources; rats fed KI had iodine concentrations in these tissues 1.8 to 1.9 times higher than those in rats fed kombu powder. These results suggest that the absorption of iodine from kombu is reduced compared to that from potassium iodide.

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2017275063

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC  

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of dietary hemoglobin on serum and liver lipid contents in rats, and the ability of hemoglobin hydrolysates to disrupt lipid absorption. After rats had been fed on casein- or porcine hemoglobin-containing diets for 4 weeks, their serum and liver lipid contents and fecal cholesterol, bile acid, and nitrogen excretion were measured. To elucidate the mechanism of lipid absorption by dietary hemoglobin, we also examined lipase activity, micellar solubility of cholesterol, and bile acid binding activity in the presence of hemoglobin hydrolysates. Dietary hemoglobin decreased serum and liver triglyceride and cholesterol contents and increased fecal fatty acid, cholesterol, and bile acid excretion. In addition, hemoglobin hydrolysates inhibited lipase activity compared with casein hydrolysates in an in vitro study. These results suggested that the hypolipidemic effect of hemoglobin is mediated by increased fecal lipid excretion, and that decreased lipase activity by hemoglobin is at least partially responsible for this result. The observed effects were documented with an 8 g/kg hemoglobin diet, which is lower than in other studies; therefore. hemoglobin may be useful in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases.

DOI： 10.1089/jmf.2013.2843

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This study examined the effects of fish protein in combination with fish oil on rat lipid metabolism. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups and fed an AIN93G-based diet with casein (20%) + soybean oil (7%), casein (10%) + fish protein (10%) + soybean oil (7%), casein (20%) + soybean oil (5%) + fish oil (2%), and casein (10%) + fish protein (10%) + soybean oil (5%) + fish oil (2%) for 4 weeks. The dietary combination of fish protein and fish oil decreased the contents of serum triacylglycerol, serum cholesterol, liver triacylglycerol and liver cholesterol in addition to altering liver lipid fatty acid composition. These effects are partly due to the increase in fecal cholesterol, bile acid excretion, and increased enzyme activities of fatty acid β-oxidation in the liver. These data suggest that combined intake of fish protein and fish oil lead to both hypocholesterolemic and hypotriglyceridemic in serum and the liver, while sole intake of fish protein or fish oil decrease only cholesterol and triglyceride levels, respectively. These results suggest that combined intake of fish protein and fish oil may play beneficial roles in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases as compared with sole fish protein intake. © 2011 Association of Food Scientists &amp
Technologists (India).

DOI： 10.1007/s13197-011-0343-y

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：KOREAN SOCIETY FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-KOSFOST  

This study evaluated phospholipids (PLs) containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) for their specific inherent effects and effects due to a combination of the presence of glycerophosphate structure and n-3 PUFAs on cholesterol metabolism in rats. Rats were fed a diet of AIN-93G containing soybean oil (SO, 7%), SO (5.8%)+fish oil (1.2%), SO (5.2%)+soybean PLs (1.8%), SO (5.2%)+PLs containing n-3 PUFAs (1.8%), and SO (4.0%)+fish oil (1.2%)+soybean PLs (1.8%). Diets with PLs containing n-3 PUFAs, and soybean PLs in combination with fish oil, resulted in decreased serum and liver cholesterol levels through enhancement of fecal cholesterol excretion and suppression of liver sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 mRNA expression compared with the diet containing soybean oil alone. This study shows that soybean PLs with added triacylglycerol that included n-3 PUFAs have the same effects on cholesterol metabolism as PLs containing n-3 PUFAs, and that these could be of benefit to people.

DOI： 10.1007/s10068-012-0176-0

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DOI： 10.5539/gjhs.v4n3p72

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2013092263

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DOI： 10.1089/jmf.2011.1620

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Language：English   Publishing type：Part of collection (book)   Publisher：Elsevier Inc.  

This chapter highlights the effect of dietary fish protein and fish oil on Azoxymethane-induced Aberrant Crypt Foci in A/J Mice. In the study, male A/J mice is fed dietary fish protein and fish oil to examine the inhibitory effect of fish protein and its relationship with fish oil in the development of ACF induced by AOM in mice. The results suggest that fish protein, in combination with fish oil, may contribute to the beneficial health effects of fish consumption in protection against ACF formation. Daily supplementation of fish or fish products has a beneficial effect against chemically induced colonic preneoplastic progression in mice induced by AOM, which provides an effective dietary chemopreventive approach to disease management. However, other definitive bioassays, including protein and mRNA expression, are now in progress to establish surrogate end-point biomarkers in dietary fish-protein- and oil-product-mediated cancer chemoprevention. Currently, many reports are available on the nutritional properties of fish protein, including alteration of plasma cholesterol levels, lipoprotein metabolism, bile acid metabolism, and antioxidative effects. These attributes could be related to the mechanism of the chemopreventive effect of fish protein.

DOI： 10.1016/B978-1-893997-82-0.50015-3

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

Fish protein has been shown to decrease serum cholesterol content by inhibiting absorption of cholesterol and bile acid in laboratory animals, though the mechanism underlying this effect is not yet fully understood. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanism underlying the inhibition of cholesterol and bile acid absorption following fish protein intake. Male Wistar rats were divided into 2 dietary groups of 7 rats each, 1 group receiving a diet consisting of 20% casein and the other receiving a diet consisting of 10% casein and 10% fish protein. Both experimental diets also contained 0.5% cholesterol and 0.1% sodium cholate. After the rats had been on their respective diets for 4 wk, their serum and liver cholesterol contents and fecal cholesterol, bile acid, and nitrogen excretion contents were measured. Fish protein consumption decreased serum and liver cholesterol content and increased fecal cholesterol and bile acid excretion and simultaneously increased fecal nitrogen excretion. In addition, fish protein hydrolyzate prepared by in vitro digestion had lower micellar solubility of cholesterol and higher binding capacity for bile acids compared with casein hydrolyzate. These results suggest that the hypocholesterolemic effect of fish protein is mediated by increased fecal cholesterol and bile acid excretion, which is due to the digestion products of fish protein having reduced micellar solubility of cholesterol and increased bile acid binding capacity.
Practical Application
Fish protein decreased serum and liver cholesterol content and increased fecal cholesterol and bile acid excretion and simultaneously increased fecal nitrogen excretion. In addition, fish protein hydrolyzate prepared by in vitro digestion had lower micellar solubility of cholesterol and higher binding capacity for bile acids compared with casein hydrolyzate. These results suggest that the hypocholesterolemic effect of fish protein is mediated by increased fecal cholesterol and bile acid excretion, which is due to the reduced micellar solubility of cholesterol and increased bile acid binding capacity of the digestion products of fish protein. Fish protein intake is effective for improving blood cholesterol level and may have a beneficial effect for hypercholesterolemia patients. We conclude that a highly functional alternative diet could be recommended for such patients as a means of promoting health, based on the results of this study.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02130.x

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This study demonstrated the effect of the simultaneous dietary administration of fish protein and fish oil, two macronutrients found in fish meat, on cholesterol metabolism in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups and fed an AIN-93G modified hypercholesterolmic diet with casein (20%) + soybean oil (7%), casein (10%) + fish protein (10%) + soybean oil (7%), casein (20%) + soybean oil (5%) + fish oil (2%), and casein (10%) + fish protein (10%) + soybean oil (5%) + fish oil (2%) for four weeks. Cholesterol metabolism was measured through serum and liver cholesterol contents, fecal cholesterol and bile acid excretion levels, and liver mRNA expression levels of enzymes and nuclear receptors involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Dietary fish protein decreased serum and liver cholesterol contents, perhaps through increasing fecal cholesterol and bile acid excretion and liver cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase expression level. Dietary fish oil, on the other hand, decreased liver cholesterol content, perhaps due to the suppression of cholesterol synthesis through a decrease in the 3-hydroxy-3methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase expression level
the serum cholesterol content was unchanged. This study found that the simultaneous dietary administration of fish protein and fish oil, which is achieved by the intake of intact fish muscle, has hypocholesterolemic effects that help prevent hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. © Hosomi et al.
Licensee Bentham Open.

DOI： 10.2174/1876396001104010012

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：KOREAN NUTRITION SOC  

Protamine has been widely used as a pharmaceutical product and natural food preservative. However, few studies have been conducted to assess the beneficial function of dietary protamine. This study examined the effects of dietary salmon protamine on serum and liver lipid levels and the expression levels of genes encoding proteins involved in lipid homeostasis in the liver of rats. Groups of male Wistar rats were fed AIN93G diet containing 2% or 5% protamine. After 4 weeks of feeding these diets, markedly decreased serum and liver cholesterol (CHOL) and triacylglycerol levels were noted. Increased activity of liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase-2 and acyl-CoA oxidase, which are key enzymes of fatty acid beta-oxidation in the mitochondria and peroxisomes, was found in rats fed on protamine. Furthermore, rats fed protamine showed enhanced fecal excretion of CHOL and bile acid and increased liver inRNA expression levels of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) G5 and ABCG8, which form heterodimers and play a major role in the secretion of CHOL into bile. The decrease in triacylglycerol levels in protamine-fed rats was due to the enhancement of liver beta-oxidation. Furthermore, rats fed protamine exhibited decreased CHOL levels through the suppression of CHOL and bile acid absorption and the enhancement of CHOL secretion into bile. These results suggest that dietary protamine has beneficial effects that may aid in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases such as hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.

DOI： 10.4162/nrp.2010.4.6.462

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：JAPANESE SOC TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES  

To attempt a risk assessment of the excess intake of trivalent chromium (Cr), tissue Cr accumulation and urinary Cr excretion were examined in weanling rats fed experimental diets containing graded levels of Cr chloride (CrCl3) or Cr picolinate (CrPic). Thirty-six male weanling 4-weeks-old Wistar rats were divided into six groups and fed a casein-based semi-purified diet (Cr content: &lt; 0.02 mu g/g) supplemented with 1, 10, or 100 mu g Cr/g as CrCl3, or CrPic for 28 days. Among the experimental groups, no significant difference was observed in body weight; however, supplementation of 100 lug Cr/g to the diets caused a significant low liver weight irrespective of the chemical species of Cr. Activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were significantly elevated in rats given CrPic at 100 mu g Cr/g. In the liver, kidney and femur. Cr accumulation increased with elevation of the dietary Cr level. No influence of the difference in the chemical species of supplemented Cr was observed in the liver and kidney, but CrCl3, caused significantly higher Cr accumulation than CrPic in the femur of rats given 100 mu g Cr/g. Daily urinary Cr excretion elevated with the increase of the dietary Cr level. Rats given CrPic showed significantly higher daily urinary Cr excretion than those given CrCl3, particularly at a dietary Cr level of 100 mu g/g. The rate of urinary Cr excretion in rats given CrPic was constant, irrespective of the dietary Cr level, but that of rats given CrCl3 fell with the increase of the dietary Cr level. These results indicate that the lowest adverse effect level of dietary Cr is less than 100 mu g/g, irrespective of the chemical species of Cr.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH  

It has been demonstrated that the amount and type of dietary fat are factors involved in the risk of arteriosclerosis and coronary or cerebral artery disease through lipid metabolism. In this study, we investigated the effects of phospholipids (PLs) containing n-3PUFAs on lipid metabolism in rats. PLs containing n-3PUFAs were prepared from squid (Todarodes pacificus) mantle muscle. Groups of male Wistar rats were fed AIN93G diet containing soybean oil (SO, 7%), fish oil (1.2%) + SO (5.8%), soybean PLs (1.8%) + SO (5.2%), or PLs containing n-3PUFAs (1.8%) + SO (5.2%). The following indicators were assayed as indexes of lipid metabolism: TAG and cholesterol in serum and liver, fecal cholesterol, bile-acid excretion, and liver mRNA expression levels of genes encoding proteins involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Serum and liver TAG contents decreased significantly in the group fed PLs containing n-3PUFAs as compared to other groups, accompanied by a significant decline in the expression level of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c. The decrease in cholesterol content in the group fed PLs containing n-3PUFAs was due to the increase in fecal cholesterol excretion and the increase of mRNA expression levels of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) G5 and ABCG8 in liver.
Practical applications: PLs containing n-3PUFAs decreased serum and liver TAG contents compared with that induced by soybean PLs. Further, PLs containing n-3PUFAs can induce a reduction in serum and liver cholesterol concentrations as well as the triglyceride-reducing effect of conventional n-3PUFAs containing TAG. In other words, dietary n-3PUFAs contained in PLs can prevent life-style diseases such as hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis and coronary, or cerebral artery disease more effectively than TAG containing n-3PUFAs. Therefore, it is expected that the risk of lifestyle diseases would be decreased if PL containing n-3PUFAs can be supplied routinely. In this study, PLs containing n-3PUFAs were prepared from squid mantle muscle. On an industrial scale, such PLs can be produced from various unused resources and waste materials of fisheries. We conclude that highly functional foods could be developed based on the findings of this study, and would be available for health promotion worldwide.

DOI： 10.1002/ejlt.200900239

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：AMER CHEMICAL SOC  

Dietary proteins influence the lipid metabolism of human subjects and animals. This study evaluated the effects of fish protein on lipid metabolism in rats. Alaska pollock fillets, widely supplied as raw materials of surimi, were used as fish protein. As parameters of lipid metabolism, cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations in the serum and liver, the fecal excretion of bile acids, and the hepatic expression of genes encoding proteins involved in lipid homeostasis were examined. Rats fed fish protein showed decreased cholesterol concentrations in the serum and liver, and fecal bile acid and cholesterol concentrations were increased. This was caused by the increased expression of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) as the digested fish protein inhibited the absorption of bile acid and cholesterol in the small intestine. In addition, it was found that dietary fish protein affects the farnesoid X receptor/small heterodimer partner-dependent pathway, which is negatively regulated by the decreased reabsorption of bile acid. Furthermore, it increased the binding to the promoter of CYP7A1 through activated liver receptor homologue-1.

DOI： 10.1021/jf901954r

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：JAPAN HEALTH MEDICINE ASSOCIATION  

To examine effects of ingesting a brewed black soybean beverage (Hakko Kurodaizu-shibori^<[○!R]>, Tsutsumi Shuzo Co. Ltd., Kumamoto) on physiological reaction, serum biochemistry test and measurement of hepatic lipid content were performed on rats administered this beverage at a graded level. Male 6 week Wistar rats were fed a basal diet (AIN93G) or the basal diet supplemented with the beverage at a level of 4, 16 or 40ml/100g basal diet for 4 weeks. Administration of the beverage at a level of 4ml/100g diet caused a significantly higher weight gain, but this effect was diminished in rats administered higher level of the beverage. Serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities, serum triglyceride concentration and hepatic lipid content were decreased by administration of the beverage dose-dependently. These results lead us to a possibility that ingestion of the brewed black soybean beverage decreased the aminotransferase activities followed by a suppression of catabolism of amino acids and resulted in an acceleration of lipid metabolism in liver.

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DOI： 10.20685/kenkouigaku.27.1_62

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本衛生動物学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：JAPAN HEALTH MEDICINE ASSOCIATION  

&lt;p&gt;The amount of dietary phosphorus has increased significantly, primarily owing to the phosphorus-containing additives in convenience and fast food. However, no studies have analyzed phosphorus levels and compared them with the calculated phosphorus content in the instant Chinese noodles and its packed in cups. Hence, in the present study, the phosphorus contents in the instant Chinese noodles and its packed in cups were determined by chemical analysis (molybdenum blue method), and compared with those estimated on the basis of the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan, 2015 edition. The calculated and analyzed phosphorus contents in instant Chinese noodles (dried by frying, not seasoned) were 113mg±9mg (mean±standard deviation [SD]) and 157mg±58mg (mean±SD), while those in instant Chinese noodles (dried without frying) were 117mg±6mg and 155mg±53mg (mean±SD), respectively. In addition, the calculated and analyzed phosphorus contents in instant Chinese noodles packed in cups (dried by frying) were 129mg±29mg (mean±SD) and 165mg±48mg (mean±SD), while those in instant Chinese noodles packed in cups (dried without frying) were 128mg±26mg and 157mg±27mg (mean±SD), respectively. These results indicate that the calculated phosphorus content in the instant Chinese noodles and its packed in cups, per the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan, was lower than the actual phosphorus content analyzed chemically.&lt;/p&gt;

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本介護予防・健康づくり学会 ; 2018-  

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&lt;p&gt;To evaluate the nutritional availability of manganese contained in green tea, eighteen 4-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into three groups and fed a low-manganese basal diet (manganese content, 0.45μg/g) or the basal diet supplemented with 10μg/g of manganese as manganese carbonate or a green tea extract for four weeks. Rats fed the low manganese basal diet showed significant lower manganese contents in liver, kidney, spleen, small intestine, femur and brain compared to rats fed the manganese-supplemented diets. There were no significant differences between rats administered manganese carbonate and those administered the green tea extract in these tissue manganese contents. Similarly, there were no significant differences among the rats fed the manganese-supplemented diets in apparent absorption of dietary manganese calculated by the manganese intake and the fecal manganese excretion. These results indicate that manganese contained in green tea is equal in the nutritional availability to manganese carbonate.&lt;/p&gt;

DOI： 10.20685/kenkouigaku.26.2_80

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&lt;p&gt;Effect of heat-cooking on nutritional availability of iron and selenium contained in beef was examined. Three kinds of diets (casein diet, raw beef diet and roast beef diet) containing protein of 16%, iron of 20μg/g and selenium of 110ng/g were prepared. In the casein diet, sources of protein and iron were casein and ferric citrate, respectively and sources of selenium were casein (15ng/g) and selenite (95ng/g). In the raw or roast beef diet, sources of protein, iron and selenium were the raw or roast beef powder. Eighteen male four-week Wistar rats were divided into three groups and fed the casein, raw beef or roast beef diet for four weeks. Hemoglobin, serum transferrin saturation and iron contents in liver and kidney were significantly lower in the rats fed the beef diets than those fed the casein diets. Among the rats fed the beef diets, lower values tend to be observed in the rats fed the roast beef diet than in those fed the raw beef diet. In serum and hepatic selenium contents, the rats fed the raw beef diet showed significantly lower values than the other rats. Selenium contents of the rats fed the roast beef diet were similar to those of the rats fed the casein diet in serum and liver, but was significantly higher in kidney. Glutathione peroxidase activities of the rats fed the beef diets tended to be lower than those of the rats fed the casein diet in liver and kidney, and in particular, a significant difference was observed between the casein and roast beef groups. In a ratio of glutathione peroxidase to selenium content, the roast beef group showed significantly lower values than the other two groups in the liver and kidney. These results leads a possibility that heat-cooking reduces a nutritional availability of iron and selenium contained in beef.&lt;/p&gt;

DOI： 10.20685/kenkouigaku.26.1_17

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：関西大学先端科学技術推進機構  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本調理食品研究会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：関西大学先端科学技術推進機構  

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/10112/9477

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper, summary (international conference)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC  

DOI： 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.08.405

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：食生活研究会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：食品資材研究会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：食生活研究会  

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Event date： 2017.5

Venue：Orlando, Florida, USA  

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