Grant amount：\4550000 （ Direct Cost: \3500000 、 Indirect Cost：\1050000 ）

We conducted research on foreign teachers in public schools in a globalizing society and obtained the following results. First of all,we clarified the conditions and background regarding employment of foreign teachers through surveys.The main purpose of the study is to identify and to classify patterns of hiring and the working conditions of foreign teachers in various nation states.And positioned the appointment type of foreign teachers in Japan in the international context.
On the other hand,from the early 1970's to the present,we historically described the movements of foreign teachers in each region of Japan.In particular, based on various actors' materials, we clarified the process of formal and informal dialogues and consultations between Japan and Korea regarding notification by the Ministry of Education in 1991.
Finally, in the general consideration of this study, we drew several scenarios of appointment patterns of foreign teachers that could be selected in the future.

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Grant amount：\2340000 （ Direct Cost: \1800000 、 Indirect Cost：\540000 ）

In order to clarify the current state and issues among public school teachers with non-Japanese nationality, a series of research with three different approaches was conducted. First, the survey was sent out to the boards of education and this revealed that at least 257 teachers who have foreign citizenships are currently working in public schools. Secondly, in-depth interviews were conducted, targeting mainly the teachers with foreign citizenships. The data show that there are great diversity among the interviewees in the process of choosing their occupation, how they got appointed, and their relationships to other colleagues, parents, and children. Generational differences in the experiences among the teachers were also observed. Finally, the government's responses toward this issue have been analyzed. Overall, the results pointed out that there is a great lack of acknowledgment and understanding about non-Japanese teachers themselves and their status.

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Grant amount：\2600000 （ Direct Cost: \2000000 、 Indirect Cost：\600000 ）

The purpose of this study is analyzed from the point of view we make a study of political and social structure on the disposal of teachers since the peace treaty came into effect in 1951. In the course of the study, we were divided into the first half and second half of the year 1956 as an epoch, the period in question.
During the first half, were examined in the context of the political and economic structure at the time the configuration of the disposal of teachers after the end of occupation policy. As is well known, this time, the Japanese government has conducted against the backdrop of political disposition faculty Cold War. This trend is similar in structure and disposition during the Occupation, disposal Dismissal of civil servants teachers has been frequently used as a disposal method main. Needless to point out, the Ministry of the Internal Affairs curriculum dominance is not only to mean simply authoritarian domination, but also an efficient governance structure to structure economic and fiscal stance. In 1956, we pointed out that the structure of domination Ministry of the Internal Affairs, more economical and financial structures, it is an epoch to be transferred to the center axis of the Ministry of Finance financial allocations in other words exactly.
Therefore, as in history, in the second half of the present study, it could still be said that time and you run the disposal and faculty, the faculty governance structure of the newly-axis and such a financial structure. We are thinking and are duplicated in the process of building a new system to cornerstone the Board of Education faculty postwar disposal system is the center of the local educational administration.
At least we should overview the prefectural board of education and human resources superintendent of schools, policy-making system that the local educational administration building of the Ministry of Education with a focus on possible overview. Moreover, Establishment of disposal of these teachers, the Ministry of Education Ministry of the Interior on behalf of the local educational administration before the war had been, namely control and jurisdiction We can point out in relation to conversion to the system, had been executed. I would like to point out about these points, we conducted a study on evaluation work over the struggle of teachers in other prefectures, and issues that became clear as it is necessary to consider structural anew.

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Grant amount：\19420000 （ Direct Cost: \16000000 、 Indirect Cost：\3420000 ）

In this study, Russia, China, Taiwan, South Korea (Sakhalin region), as for East Asia and Japan, which is stored memories collected over a colonial war of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, public whether the representation has been, by comparison with Europe, including research. Representation and memory storage colonies in East Asia war, against the background of the political situation and historical understanding of the difference between each country and region are showing signs of different complexity and variety of Europe. At the same time, the memory of oppression and resistance to war and colonialism, as a monument to the pursuit of peace in East Asia in the division of historical understanding, but must have great significance in exploring the way of solidarity rather than been revealed.

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Grant amount：\15000000 （ Direct Cost: \15000000 ）

The aim of this study is to reveal the full picture of colonial education implemented by Japan in its occupied territories. After three years of research, this paper presents the results of in-depth surveys as follows.
Studies on colonial education tend to be based on historical documents. Until recently, Japanese scholars would travel to China or Korea, bring back any sources they found regardless of how they were obtained, write articles or publish a series of papers, and claim to be engaged in collaborative research. Scholars from the former occupied nations criticize such behavior, calling for a new cooperative structure to replace the old pattern. While studies on colonialism appear attractive at first glance, there in fact remains a lot to be understood with regard to the former occupied territories. I have become aware of the need to conduct cooperative research with scholars from former occupied nations such as China and Korea, in order to improve the current research environment, which is far from ideal. I have therefore attempted to establish a kind of cooperative system. I will try to support this system by securing Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research for a series of studies. [Remark 1] This study is mainly based on research on history of objects (monuments), incidents (repression on teachers, etc.), and people (through interviews). Of course, the various studies were not standardized, and each scholar conducted their studies according to their own style. We cooperate with scholars from Korea, China, and other former occupied states with regard to the following points: (i) logical thinking and practical analysis, (ii) research on history and academic resources, and (iii) deepening of thought through field work. Furthermore, Studies on the realities of colonial education is not limited to school education only. It deals with education from a broad perspective-as a social process of human development-by researching diverse topics such as social education, vocational education, calligraphy, music, and language. It thus aims to reveal the full picture of the issue of human control/domination across multiple dimensions. During the survey period, international symposiums, for exchanging opinions and conducting discussions, were held at Okinawa International University, at Xinan Normal University in Chungking, China, and at Chungbuk National University in South Korea. Research outcomes were shared with Korean and Chinese scholars.
In the process of collaborative research surveys, the following long-term objectives were established for deepening relevant research: (a) construction of a common history of colonial education in East Asia, (b) publication of studies on colonization, and (c) creation of a resource database. Furthermore, database management, scope of usage, and the target audience for the service remain as issues for future work.

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