Organization
Faculty of Sociology Professor
Title
Professor
Contact information
External link
YAMATO,Reiko
Degree
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PhD. (Human Science) ( 2008.5 )
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Master of Aarts in Gender, Culture and Society ( 1999.5 University of Essex, the UK )
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Master of Arts ( 1989.3 )
Research Interests
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Family
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Family;Gender;Generation
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Generation
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Gender
Research Areas
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Humanities & Social Sciences / Sociology
Education
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University of Essex Department of Sociology Sociology
1999
Country： United Kingdom
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Osaka University Graduate School, Division of Human Science Sociology
- 1989
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The University of Tokyo Faculty of Literature
- 1984
Country： Japan
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Osaka University Graduate School, Division of Human Science Sociology
1989
Country： Japan
Professional Memberships
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International Sociological Association (RC06, RC11, RC28)
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福祉社会学会
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日本社会学会
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日本家族社会学会
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関西社会学会
Committee Memberships
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日本社会学会 専門委員
2010
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日本家族社会学会 理事
2010
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編集委員会委員
2007
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社会学教育委員会委員
2002 - 2003
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編集委員会委員
2001 - 2003
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編集委員会委員
1992 - 1997
Papers
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「親・義親との援助関係における“ 夫婦の個人化” ？―第3 回全国家族調査（NFRJ08）の分析から」
大和礼子
『人口問題研究』 73(1), 58-77. 2017
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「「”父系”と”性別分業型双系”の並存」から新しい世代関係へ―少子高齢化とグローバル化による世代関係の変化」
大和礼子
『ソシオロジ』 58(2), 116-118 2013.10
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"Do full-time housewives and their husbands have higher social status identification than working wives and their husbands in present-day Japan?"
YAMATO Reiko
Bulletin of the Faculty of Sociology, Kansai University 44(1), 1-21 2012.10
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YAMATO Reiko
Bulletin of the Faculty of Sociology, Kansai University 43(1), 1-20. ( 1 ) 1 - 20 2011.11
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YAMATO Reiko
Bulletin of the Faculty of Sociology, Kansai University (ISSN0287-6817) 42(1), 35-76. ( 1 ) 35 - 76 2010.11
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YAMATO Reiko
Bulletin of the Faculty of Sociology, Kansai University (ISSN0287-6817) 40(3), 61-78. ( 3 ) 61 - 78 2009.3
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“A study on the co-ordination of introductory course in sociology”
YAMATO Reiko, SUGINO Akihiro, NAGAI Yoshikazu, MABUCHI Ryogo
Bulletin of the Faculty of Sociology, Kansai University [ISSN 0287-6817] 39(3), 63-102 ( 3 ) 63 - 102 2008.3
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YAMATO Reiko
Bulletin of the Faculty of Sociology, Kansai University (ISSN0287-6817) 39(3), 103-121 ( 3 ) 103 - 121 2008.3
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“Impact of fathers’ support and activities on mothers’ marital satisfaction by income contribution during economic recession in Japan” Reviewed
YAMATO Reiko
Fathering: A Journal of Theory, Research, and Practice about Men as Fathers [ISSN: 1537-6680] 6(2), 149-168 2008
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“Research Trend: Theories of Social Gerontology in Contemporary Britain”
YAMATO Reiko
Japanese Journal of Family Sociology [ISSN:0916328X] 19(1), 55-61 2007
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“The impact of knowledge-based economy on families in Japan”
YAMATO Reiko
Bulletin of the Faculty of Sociology, Kansai University (ISSN0287-6817) 37(1), 1-24 2006.10
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Changing attitudes towards elderly dependence in Postwar Japan
Reiko Yamato
Current Sociology 54 ( 2 ) 273 - 291 2006.3
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YAMATO Reiko
Bulletin of the Faculty of Sociology, Kansai University (ISSN0287-6817) 37(1), 57-78 ( 1 ) 57 - 78 2005.10
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'Care, the Public and the Private in Contemporary Japan: with Respect to Male and Female Gender Identities'
YAMATO Reiko
Japanese Journal of Research on Household Economics(ISSN09144609） No.56 (2002, Autumn), 11-21. 2002.10
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YAMATO Reiko
Bulletin of the Faculty of Sociology, Kansai University (ISSN0287-6817) 33(3): 75-135. ( 3 ) 75 - 135 2002.3
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YAMATO Reiko
Soshioroji 46(1) pp.3-20 ( 1 ) 3 - 20 2001.5
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YAMATO Reiko
Japanese Sociological Review 第51巻、第2号 pp.235-250 ( 2 ) 235 - 250 2000.9
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”Preferences for Personal Care in Japan : The Influence of Gender and Socioeconomic Status” Reviewed
YAMATO Reiko
The International Scope Review Vol.2, Issue 4 2000
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Housework : some aspects beyond 'women's unpaid work for labor reproduction'
YAMATO Reiko
Japanese Journal of Family Sociology 11号 pp.113-118 1999.7
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The family : is it a group, an organization or a linkage of personal networks?
YAMATO Reiko
Studies on Organizations and Network,The institute of Economic and poltical studies, Kansai University 第112冊、11-56 1999.3
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The family and spport networks in the contemporary Japan
YAMATO Reiko
Annals of Industrial Seminars 1997(Sangyo Seminar Nenpoh 1997),Kansai University,Institute of Economics and Political Studies 59-82 1997.12
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The Relationship between Support Networks and 'Connectedness-oriented' Roles in late-middle-aged Japanese Men Reviewed
YAMATO Reiko
Japanese Sociological Review 第47巻、第3号 pp.350-365 1996.12
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Two Dimensions of the Attitude toward the Sexual division of labor of Japanese Women Reviewed
YAMATO Reiko
Sociologi 第40巻、第1号 pp.109-126 1995.5
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”Selectable” Bonds and ”Unselectable” Bonds as the Emotional Bonds between Wife and Husband in Japan Reviewed
YAMATO Reiko
Annals of Family Studies 第16号 pp.38-50 1991.3
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｢壮年期における年齢階層移行と役割実現不能感の形成｣
大和 礼子
『年報人間科学』大阪大学人間科学部社会学1・人間学・人類学研究室 12, 85-102 1991.3
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『中年の危機』の社会的創出――ライフコース・アプローチに向けて｣
大和 礼子
『年報人間科学』大阪大学人間科学部社会学・人間学・人類学研究室 11, 119～137 1990.3
Books
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Intergenerational Relationships between Married Children and Their Parents in 21st Century Japan: How are Patrilineal Tradition and Marriage Changing?
YAMATO Reiko
Leiden/Boston: Brill 2021.7
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「高齢期のケア：理論から家族をとらえる(4)」
大和礼子（ Role： Sole author）
西野理子・米村千代編著『よくわかる家族社会学』ミネルヴァ書房 2019.12 （ ISBN:4623085511 ）
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『オトナ親子の同居・近居・援助―夫婦の個人化と性別分業の間』
大和礼子（ Role： Sole author）
学文社 2017.9 （ ISBN:9784762027376 ）
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「公的介護保険導入にともなう介護期待の変化――自分の介護を誰に頼るか」
大和礼子（ Role： Sole author）
稲葉昭英・保田時男・田渕六郎・田中重人編『日本の家族 1999-2009 全国家族調査[NFRJ]による計量社会学』東京大学出版会 2016.6 （ ISBN:9784130501880 ）
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The Impact of a Changing Employment System on Women's Employment upon Marriage and after Childbirth in Japan
Yamato Reiko（ Role： Sole author）
Tarohmaru, Hiroshi (ed.) Labor Markets, Gender and Social Stratification in East Asia: A Global Perspective, Leiden: Brill 2016 （ ISBN:9789004256101 ）
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An Inter Regional Comparison of Occupational Gender Segregation in Japan
Oda Akiko, Hiroshi Tarohmaru, Reiko Yamato（ Role： Joint author）
Tarohmaru, Hiroshi (ed.) Labor Markets, Gender and Social Stratification in East Asia: A Global Perspective, Leiden: Brill 2016 （ ISBN:9789004256101 ）
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Introduction to sociology of the family with new questions
IWAMA Akiko, YAMATO Reiko, TAMA Yasuko（ Role： Joint editor）
Tokyo: Yuhikaku 2015.3 （ ISBN:9784641150164 ）
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"The future of parents-adult child relationships"
YAMATO Reiko（ Role： Sole author）
Iwama, Akiko, Reiko Yamato and Yasuko Tama, Introduction to sociology of the family with new questions, Tokyo: Yuhikaku. 2015.3
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"Marriage"
YAMATO Reiko（ Role： Sole author）
Iwama, Akiko, Reiko Yamato and Yasuko Tama, Introduction to sociology of the family with new questions, Tokyo: Yuhikaku. 2015.3
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"Impact of a changing employment system on women’s employment at the times of marriage and childbirth in Japan"
YAMATO Reiko（ Role： Sole author）
Hiroshi Tarohmaru (ed.) Labor markets and social stratification in East Asia, Kyoto: Kyoto University Academic Press 2014.5 （ ISBN:9784876983797 ）
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"An Inter-Regional Comparison of Occupational Gender Segregation in Japan"
Oda Akiko, YAMATO Reiko, TAROHMARU Hiroshi（ Role： Joint author）
Hiroshi Tarohmaru (ed.) Labor markets and social stratification in East Asia, Kyoto: Kyoto University Academic Press 2014.5 （ ISBN:9784876983797 ）
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『基礎社会学』（新訂第3版）
永井良和, 間淵領吾, 大和礼子（ Role： Joint editor）
世界思想社 2014.3 （ ISBN:9784790716198 ）
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"Has the public pension system transformed family relationships in post-war Japan?"
YAMATO Reiko（ Role： Sole author）
2013.7
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"How has the sociology of the family understood the human development?"
YAMATO Reiko（ Role： Sole author）
2013.3
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"Is the generational contract between care and inheritance still alive in Japan? The coexistence of gendered bilateral and patrilineal intergenerational relationships"
YAMATO Reiko（ Role： Sole author）
Tanaka, Shigeto (ed.) A quantitative picture of contemporary Japanese families: Tradition and modernity in the 21st century, Sendai: Tohoku University Press 2013.3 （ ISBN:9784861632266 ）
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「育児不安／3歳児神話」
大和礼子（ Role： Sole author）
大澤真幸・吉見俊哉・鷲田清一編『現代社会学事典』弘文堂 2012.12
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"domesticity"
YAMATO Reiko（ Role： Sole author）
2012.12
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"cult of motherhood"
YAMATO Reiko（ Role： Sole author）
2012.12
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"child care; child rearing"
YAMATO Reiko（ Role： Sole author）
2012.12
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"A comparison of women's M-shaped life course between Japan and Korea: Focusing on reentry into the labor market after child birth"
YAMATO Reiko（ Role： Sole author）
Yoshimichi Sato and Fumiaki Ojima (eds.) Social Stratification in Contemporary Japan: 1: Disparity and Diversity, University of Tokyo Press 2011.9
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｢変貌する家族｣
大和礼子（ Role： Sole author）
『基礎社会学（新訂第2版）』世界思想社 2010.4
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｢ジェンダー論の基礎｣
大和礼子（ Role： Sole author）
『基礎社会学（新訂第2版）』世界思想社 2010.4
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”The basic knowledges on gender”in Basic sociology (additional edition)
（ Role： Sole author）
Basics of Sociology, Fukumura Shuppan 2010.4
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“Women’s labor market activity”
YAMATO Reiko, NONOYAMA Hisaya（ Role： Sole author）
Handbook of theoretical and research issues in family sociology, Kyoto: Sekai-shiso-sha 2009.3 （ ISBN:9784790713968 ）
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“The division of labor between husband and wife”
YAMATO Reiko, NONOYAMA Hisaya（ Role： Sole author）
Handbook of theoretical and research issues in family sociology, Kyoto: Sekai-shiso-sha 2009.3 （ ISBN:9784790713968 ）
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“Family as financial and practical resources for daily life”
（ Role： Sole author）
Families in contemporary Japan, Tokyo: Uhikaku 2009.2 （ ISBN:9784641183704 ）
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The making of the life-long carer in postwar Japan: reconstructed intergenerational relations and not-yet-reconstructed gender relations
YAMATO Reiko（ Role： Sole author）
2008.9 （ ISBN:9784762018596 ）
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“What kinds of childcare do Japanese mothers expect of their husband: caring, socialization or playing with their children?”
（ Role： Sole author）
Childcare for men and for women in contemporary Japan: a sociological approach 2008.4 （ ISBN:9784812208021 ）
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Childcare for men and for women in contemporary Japan:a sociological approach
YAMATO Reiko, ONODE Setsuko, KIWAKI Nachiko（ Role： Joint editor）
Showa-do 2008.4 （ ISBN:9784812208021 ）
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“Fathers who care, socialize, and/or play with their children and mothers who search for their identity outside the family: childcare in contemporary Japan.”
（ Role： Sole author）
Childcare for men and for women in contemporary Japan: a sociological approach. Showa-do 2008.4 （ ISBN:9784812208021 ）
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「高齢者の扶養・介護からみるシンガポールと日本――「世帯間の連帯」を促すしくみと「世帯間の自立」を促すしくみ」
大和 礼子, 落合 恵美子, 山根 真里, 宮坂 靖子（ Role： Sole author）
『アジアの家族とジェンダー』勁草書房 2007.2 （ ISBN:9784326648740 ）
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｢孫の世話はしない（台湾）｣
大和 礼子, 落合 恵美子, 上野 加代子（ Role： Sole author）
『21世紀アジア家族』明石書店 2006.12 （ ISBN:4750324647 ）
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｢高齢者のサポート｣
大和 礼子, 落合 恵美子, 上野 加代子（ Role： Sole author）
『21世紀アジア家族』明石書店 2006.12 （ ISBN:4750324647 ）
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｢シンガポール男性の介護意識（シンガポール）｣
大和 礼子, 落合 恵美子, 上野 加代子（ Role： Sole author）
『21世紀アジア家族』明石書店 2006.12 （ ISBN:4750324647 ）
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｢絆を強める社会保障（シンガポール）｣
大和 礼子, 落合 恵美子, 上野 加代子（ Role： Sole author）
『21世紀アジア家族』明石書店 2006.12 （ ISBN:4750324647 ）
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｢変貌する家族｣
大和 礼子, 片桐 新自, 永井 良和, 山本 雄二（ Role： Sole author）
世界思想社『基礎社会学』（新訂第1版） 2006.3 （ ISBN:4790711765 ）
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｢ジェンダー論の基礎｣
大和 礼子, 片桐 新自, 永井 良和, 山本 雄二（ Role： Sole author）
世界思想社『基礎社会学』（新訂第1版） 2006.3 （ ISBN:4790711765 ）
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Networks for personal care, gender, and social class in Japan
YAMATO Reiko, WATANABE,H, INABA,A, SHIMAZAKI,N（ Role： Sole author）
Structure and Change in Contemporary Japanese Families: Quantitative Analyses of National Family Research (NFRJ98), Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press 2004.1
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'Sociology of the Family'
YAMATO Reiko, KATAGIRI Shinji, NAGAI Yoshikazu, YAMAMOTO Yuji（ Role： Sole author）
Basic of Sociology (third edition) , Fukumura Shuppan 2002.4 （ ISBN:4571410387 ）
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Three theoretical perspectives on wife-and-husband relationships
YAMATO Reiko, NONOYAMA Hisaya, WATANABE Hideki（ Role： Sole author）
An Introduction to family sociology : Theories and techniques of family studies,Bunkashobou-Hakubunsha 1999.2
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「愛情とお金の間――現代家族再考」
大和 礼子, 三木英, 藤本憲一（ Role： Sole author）
『社会を視る12の窓』 学術図書出版 1995.7
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Changes in the social attitude toward the family in Modern Japan
YAMATO Reiko, MIYAMOTO Koji, MORISHITA Shinya, KIMIZUKA Kimisato（ Role： Sole author）
Sociology of Organizations and Networks, Shinyosya 1994.4
MISC
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Book review: Why is the rate of men taking maternity leave so low in Japan? Invited
Yamato, Reiko
( 3610 ) 2023.10
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｢書評｣（筒井淳也著, 2015, 『仕事と家族――日本はなぜ働きづらく、産みにくいのか』中央公論新社）
大和礼子
2016.10
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「書評」 （森川美絵著, 2015, 『介護はいかにして「労働」となったのか――制度としての承認と評価のメカニズム』ミネルヴァ書房）
大和 礼子
福祉社会学研究 = Journal of welfare sociology ( 13 ) 187 - 191 2016
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「書評」（中西泰子著, 2009, 『若者の介護意識――親子関係とジェンダー不均衡』勁草書房）
大和 礼子
家族社会学研究 22 ( 1 ) 102 - 103 2010
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｢書評に応えて｣（大和礼子著, 2008『生涯ケアラーの誕生―再構築された世代関係／再構築されない世代関係』学文社 への書評へのリプライ）
大和礼子
2009.10
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「書評：『家事』から見える社会のあり方｣（品田知美著, 2007,『家事と家族の日常生活――主婦はなぜ暇にならなかったのか』学文社）
大和 礼子
2008.5
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「男性の介護意識（シンガポール）」
大和 礼子
（21世紀アジア家族 第4部 男と女の未来 6）, 京都新聞 朝刊10面 2005.11
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「『孫の世話はしない』（台湾）」
大和 礼子
（21世紀アジア家族 第3部 高齢期の過ごし方 4）, 京都新聞 朝刊11面 2005.8
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「絆を強める社会保障」
大和 礼子
（21世紀アジア家族 第1部 同時代を生きる 9）, 京都新聞 朝刊11面 2005.4
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「文献紹介」（ユーラン・アーネほか著、日本・スェーデン家族比較研究会ほか訳, 2001, 『家族に潜む権力――スウェーデン平等社会の理想と現実』青木書店）
大和 礼子
2002.3
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「書評」（井上眞理子著, 2005,『ファミリー・バイオレンス――子ども虐待発生のメカニズム』晃光書房）
大和 礼子
2002.2
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「文献紹介」（中野収著, 1992, 『「家族する」家族――父親不在の時代というけれど』有斐閣）
大和 礼子
1993.7
Presentations
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"Comparison of eight Asian societies on married children's coresidence with their parents and parents-in-law"
Yamato, Reiko
2023.5
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"Coresidence with the Father and coresidence with the mother: A comparison of determinants between Japan and Taiwan"
Yamato, Reiko
2022.11
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”Changing Roles of the Wife and the Husband in Care-Giving to Their Older Parents in Japan”
Yamato Reiko
The XIX ISA World Congress of Sociology, held in Toronto 2018.7
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”Determinants of intergenerational living arrangements in Japan: A comparison between living together, living nearby, and living far away with the husband’s and the wife’s parents”
Yamato Reiko
The joint conference for RC06 and RC41: Changing Demography, Changing Families 2018.5
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Patrilineal, bilateral, or individualized? Changing intergenerational relationships in Japan
Yamato Reiko
the Third ISA Forum of Sociology 2016.7
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Individualization of intergenerational relationships between married children and their older parents in Japan
Yamato Reiko
the seminar of Research Comittee 06 (Family), International Sociological Association 2015.8
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"Changing determinants of women’s continued employment at the time of family formation: A comparison between Japan and Taiwan"
YAMATO Reiko
Conference Paper presented to RC06, Work and family in cross-national comparative perspective, The World Congress of the International Sociological Association, 13-19 July 2014, Pacifico Yokohama, Yokohama, Japan 2014.7
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"Gender difference in adult children’s coresidence with their older parents: A comparison between Japan and Taiwan"
YAMATO Reiko
Conference Paper presented to RC11, Intergenerational Dependencies, The World Congress of the International Sociological Association, 13-19 July 2014, Pacifico Yokohama, Yokohama, Japan 2014.7
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"How has economic globalization, mediated by country-specific institutions, influenced women's employment at marriage and childbirth? A Comparison between Japan and Taiwan"（招待講演）.
YAMATO Reiko
Paper presented to Symposium on Asian Perspectives on Social Stratification and Inequality, 27-28 October 2012, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan 2012.10
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"Inconsistency between policy presumptions and actual relationships of the intergenerational relationships within the family in present-day Japan"
YAMATO Reiko
Conference paper presented to Research Committee 11 (Aging), Forum of Sociology, International Sociological Association, 1-4 August 2012, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina. 2012.8
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"Is the norm of patri-locality applied to older mothers and fathers in the same way ? An examination of the nature of intergenerational relationships within the intimate sphere in contemporary Japan"
YAMATO Reiko
International Sociological Association, Research Committee 06 (CFR), Kyoto Workshop, September 12 to 15, 2011 2011.9
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"A Comparison of determinants between married children's coresidence with the father and with the mother in present-day Japan"
YAMATO Reiko
Tabuch, Rokuro and Shimazaki, Naoko (eds.) Second Report of the National Family Research of Japan, 2008 (NFRJ08) Volume 2: Dynamics of Intergenerational Relationships, Committee on the National Family Research (NFRJ), the Japan Society of Family Sociology 2011.9
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"Regional Variety of Occupational Sex Segregation in Japan"
Oda Akiko, YAMATO Reiko, TAROHMARU Hiroshi
ISA RC28 Spring Meeting 2011.8
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"A comparison of gender segregation of occupation between geographical areas in Japan"
Oda Akiko, YAMATO Reiko, TAROHMARU Hiroshi
The 51st meeting of Japanese Association for Mathematical Sociology, March 8 to 9, 2011 2011.3
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"A bridge or dead end? A comparison between Japan and Korea on the position of nonstandard employment in the life course of women"
YAMATO Reiko
Kazuo Misumi (ed.) Study of an East Asian Stratification Model, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) #20330104 2011
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"A comparison of M-shaped curves of female labor participation between Japan and Korea: With regard to the impact of different social policies"
YAMATO Reiko
Yoshimichi Sato (ed.), Studies of Social Stratification in Comtemporary Japan: From the Perspective of Micro-Macro Linkages, Vol. 2, Education, Gender, and Marriage, Grant-in-Aid, #20243029. 2011
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“A comparison of women’s M-shape curves between Japan and Korea: With regard to the impact of different social policies”
YAMATO Reiko
Conference Paper presented to the World Congress of the International Sociological Association. 2010.7
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“Is the generational contract between care and inheritance still alive in Japan? Results of a interview study on the relationships between older parents and adult children”
YAMATO Reiko
Conference paper presented to the annual conference of Japanese Sociological Association 2009.10
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“Is the generational contract between care and inheritance still alive in Japan? Results of a preliminary interview study on the relationships between older parents and adult children”
YAMATO Reiko
Conference paper presented to the annual conference of Kansai Sociological Association 2009.5
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“Married women’s re-entry into the labor market”
YAMATO Reiko
The annual conference of Japanese Sociological Association 2008.11
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“Changing Japanese mothers’ re-entry into the labour market after child-rearing"
YAMATO Reiko
The conference of the Research Committee of the Family Study (RC06), the International Sociological Association (ISA) 2008.9
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"Do full-time housewives and their husbands have higher social-status identification than working wives and their husbands?"
YAMATO Reiko, TODOROKI Makoto(ed.)
Social Stratification and Social Psychology in Contemporary Japan,2005 SSM Reserch Group 2008.3
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“Is Japanese mothers’ re-entry into the labor market as part-timers associated with lower socioeconomic status? A comparison between the 1995 and 2005 SSM Surveys”
YAMATO Reiko, NAKAI Miki, SUGINO Isamu
Social Stratification from Life Course and Lifestyle Perspective, 2005 SSM Research Group 2008
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“How Japanese women have made arrangements between work career and family career? Focusing on re-entry into the labor market after child-rearing”
YAMATO Reiko
The Conference of Asia Pacific Sociological Association 2007.11
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“Financial support and personal care for elderly parents in Singapore,”
YAMATO Reiko
The Theme Session: Families and Social Networks in East&Southeast Asia, the 115th annual conference of Society for the Study of Social Policy 2007.10
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「（共同報告：父親と育児）第2報告：母親は父親に対してどのような育児役割を期待しているか？」
大和 礼子
第58回関西社会学会大会 2007.5
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“What do Japanese wives with small children expect of their husband under a serious economic depression?: To be a breadwinner, to share housework, or to be a good father?”
YAMATO Reiko
XVI ISA World Congress of Sociology, Research Committee on Family Research RC06, Session 12 2006.7
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“Does husbands’ sharing of housework and childrearing increase wives’ marital satisfaction under the economic recession in the 1990s to the 2000s in Japan?”
YAMATO Reiko, NISHINO Michiko, INABA Akihide, SHIMAZAKI Naoko
A Research Report of the National Family Research of Japan 2003 (NFRJ03), Vol. 1: Wives and Husbands, Households, and Life-course, Japan Society of Family Sociology and the research committee of the National Family Research of Japan 2003 2006.4
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“Socialization, marketization, or support from relatives?:Housework and childcare in contemporary Japan”
YAMATO Reiko
A Study on Gender and Support Networks for Child-rearing in Contemporary Japan 2006.3
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「社会学教育とジェンダー」
大和 礼子
『社会学者は誰に何を教えどんな人間を創っていくのか』 2006.3
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‘Changing attitudes toward Elderly Financial Support and Personal Care in Postwar Japan’
YAMATO Reiko
Thursday Seminar, the Department of Sociology 2006.2
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“Changing attitudes toward Elderly Financial Support and Personal Care in Postwar Japan”
YAMATO Reiko
International Conference on Low Fertility and Rapid Aging in East and South East Asian Societies 2005.10
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「夫の家事参加は妻の夫婦関係満足感を高めるか？」
大和 礼子
第15回日本家族社会学会大会 テーマセッション(2)「第２回全国家族調査（NFRJ03）の結果から」 2005.9
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「援助ネットワークと介護」
大和 礼子, 木下 栄二
日本家族社会学会・全国家族調査(NFRJ)委員会編『第2回 家族についての全国調査(NFRJ03) 第1次報告書』 2005.4
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Changing Attitudes toward “Dependence” in Old Age in Postwar Japan
YAMATO Reiko
International Conference on the Solutions and Issues of the Elderly in the 21st Century 2004.10
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'Changing Meanings of ”Dependence” in Old Age in Postwar Japan'
YAMATO Reiko
The 36th Congress of International Institute of Sociology, Session 28 2004.7
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'Support for the elderly in Singapore: a comparison with Japan'
YAMATO Reiko
A Comparative Study on Gender in Asian Societies: Japan, Korea, China, Thailand, and Singapore, Research Project Report, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (1) (2001-2003) (No.13372001), Head Investigator: Yasuko Miyasaka (Nara Women's University) 2004.3
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「戦後日本における高齢者の扶養・介護に関する人々の意識の変化」
大和 礼子
第76回日本社会学会大会報告 2003.10
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'Networks for childrearing and attitudes toward gender division of labor in contemporary Japan'
YAMATO Reiko
Gender and Support Networks for Childrearing in Contemporary Japan, Research Project Report, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) (1) (2001-2002) (#13837040), Head Investigator: Nachiko Kiwaki (Hagoromo Gakuen Junior Colledge) 2003.3
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'Changing Meanings of ”Dependence” in Old Age in Postwar Japan'
YAMATO Reiko
The International Conference on ”Intergenerational Relations in Families' Life Course” 2003.3
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'Does Husbands' Sharing of Housework Increase Wives' Marital Satisfaction?: A Study of Japanese Wives with Reference to the Wives' Contribution to the Household Income'
YAMATO Reiko
The XV World Congress of Sociology 2002.7
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“How Japanese people use commercialized and public services for housework, education, and caring?”
YAMATO Reiko
A Qualitative Study of Housework in Contemporary Japanese Families: Realities, Meanings, and Sentiments 2002.3
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“Gender differences and locality differences in personal networks for sociability in Japan”
YAMATO Reiko
A Qualitative Study of Housework in Contemporary Japanese Families: Realities, Meanings, and Sentiments 2002.3
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'Meanings of public and private spheres: gender differences and class differences'
YAMATO Reiko
A Qualitative Study of Housework in Contemporary Japanese Families: Realities, Meanings, and Sentiments, Research Project Report, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) (1) (2000-2001) (#12610173), Head Investigator: Mari Yamane (Aichi University of … 2002.3
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｢自分の介護が必要になったとき、頼れる人｣は誰か？―ジェンダーと社会階層による違い―」
大和 礼子
第11回日本家族社会学会大会 2001.9
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'Why Do Women than Men Have More ”Varied” Networks of Caring?'
YAMATO Reiko, ISHIHARA Kunio, OKUBO Koji
Support Resources and Care for the Aged of the Contemporary Family , The Research Report of the Grant-in Aid (#10301010) for Scientific Research of the Ministry of Education ,Science, Sports and Culture of Japan in 1998 academic year, the National Fami… 2001.9
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'Gender, Class, and Preference for Personal Care in Japan'
YAMATO Reiko
The 4th Conference of the Asia Pacific Sociological Association 2000.9
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Changes in Women's Reentry into the Labor Market in the Post-War Japan
YAMATO Reiko, IWAI Hachiroh
Gender and Life-Course(1995 SSM Research Group) 1998.3
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The ranges of social Support networks and its constraining factors for Japanese adult women and men
YAMATO Reiko, YAMANE Mari, ONODE Setsuko, FUJITA Michiyo
The Research on the Possibility of changes in the Social Division of Honsework in Japan:Coop Kobe 1997.9
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｢家族多様化時代における家事労働の変容可能性に関する研究｣
大和 礼子
第69回日本社会学会大会 1996.11
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｢世帯内コミュニケーション構造――ライフステージによる分析｣
大和 礼子, 直井 優, 川端 亮
『集合住宅におけるコミュニティ形成――エリア・サンプル法による調査』, 大阪大学人間科学部経験社会学・社会調査法講座 1995.3
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｢女性の『社会進出』と女性議員の分化｣
大和 礼子
地方自治研究会（編）『地域社会の政治構造と政治意識 解析編』 1992.3
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｢新聞の投書にみる現代の『家族なるもの』｣
大和 礼子
第64回日本社会学会大会 1991.11
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｢ライフコースから見た女性議員の社会的背景｣
大和 礼子
第42回関西社会学会大会 1991.5
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｢夫婦間の情緒行動とライフステージ｣
大和 礼子
第63回日本社会学会大会 1990.11
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｢『中年期』考察のための一視角――社会構造と年齢カテゴリー｣
大和 礼子
第40回関西社会学会大会 1989.5
Research Projects
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Varieties and transformations of inter-generational and gender relations in Asian ageing societies
Grant number：19H01559 2019.4 - 2022.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Ochiai Emiko
Grant amount：\17420000 （ Direct Cost: \13400000 、 Indirect Cost：\4020000 ）
The CAFS database that includes the results of our surveys conducted in 7 areas from 5 countries has been constructed and made public. The research results based on the CAFS database by our research team including young scholars and students from Japan and other countries are already published in academic journals and as CAFS working papers. A comprehensive result that compares 7 areas from 5 countries will be published as books both in English and Japanese. The Japanese book will be published from Kyoto University Press. Stark differences between East Asia and Southeast Asia in both generational and gender relationships, significant differences between north and south regions of Vietnam, gaps between attitudes and behaviors in Southeast Asian societies and gaps by age and educational background are among the most important findings.
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Construction and Analyses of the CAFS Database for the Study of Commonality and Varieties of Contemporary Asian Families
Grant number：16H03690 2016.4 - 2020.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Ochiai Emiko
Grant amount：\16770000 （ Direct Cost: \12900000 、 Indirect Cost：\3870000 ）
To reinforce the strength of the CAFS (Comparative Asian Family Survey) database, we conducted two additional surveys in Turkey (2016) and Can Tho in the south of Vietnam (2017) to study the diversity in the Islamic societies and to find a missing link between East Asia and Southeast Asia. We constructed a database covering 8 areas in 6 countries in 2017. Our comparative analyses revealed unexpectedly wide differences in the Islamic societies as well as the changes in the social norms in patrilineal societies. We published Care Relations in Southeast Asia（Brill, 2018）in English and are preparing for another book. The datasets from Southeast Asia are open now.
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An empirical study of inheritance in today's Japan
Grant number：16K04125 2016.4 - 2019.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
YAMATO Reiko
Grant amount：\3770000 （ Direct Cost: \2900000 、 Indirect Cost：\870000 ）
This study aims at analyzing inheritance in Japan today in relation to other aspects of intergenerational relationships including residential arrangements and support exchanges. The finding from the analysis is that intergenerational relationships in Japan today are not straightforwardly guided by one principle. Intergenerational relationships as a whole consist of various different relations, which include emphases on the husband's side of the family vs. on the wife's side of the family; on the male heir vs. on the female heir vs. equal distribution of responsibilities or resources.
A reason for such multidimensional relationships could be that people make adjustments so as to keep a balance in intergenerational relationships between the traditional inclination toward prioritizing the husband's side of the family or the male heir and the recent tendency toward emphasizing the wife's side of the family or the female heir or equal distribution of responsibilities or resources. -
Multi-angle Study of Changes in Japanese Families: An Attempt at Integrative Data Analysis
Grant number：25380731 2013.4 - 2016.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Kamano Saori, CHITOSE Yoshimi, KOYAMA Yasuyo, YAMAUCHI Masakazu, FUSE Kana, NOGUCHI Haruko, YAMATO Reiko
Grant amount：\4940000 （ Direct Cost: \3800000 、 Indirect Cost：\1140000 ）
We compiled a database of survey questions used in quantitative family research in Japan. The database is organized by topics and includes a list of questions and response categories and details of the data collection method. From the database, we identified themes that can be analyzed using “integrative data analysis.” Such themes include the division of and time spent on housework and childcare; communication, companionship and decision-making between partners; relationship satisfaction; and ideas regarding families. In addition, we undertook an Internet survey (n=1271) in order to compare the response patterns when different response categories are used on the same question and when different questions are asked on the same phenomenon. We also conducted face-to-face interviews with 6 married couples on the survey questions in order to understand these response patterns.
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Comparative Sociology of Changing Values and Social Stratification
Grant number：25285148 2013.4 - 2016.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Tarohmaru Hiroshi, NAGAYOSHI Kikuko, SHIBATA Haruka, TANABIKI Yusuke, MANABE Kazufumi, YAMATO Reiko, Sakaguchi Yusuke
Grant amount：\10270000 （ Direct Cost: \7900000 、 Indirect Cost：\2370000 ）
We described and explained the changing values in Japan, 1973-2008, comparing with those in other countries. Our main findings are as follows. Firstly, the direction of value changes were not toward the post-modernity, but toward the hyper-modernity. Post-modernization of values means diversification of values, decreasing association between values and social class, and recession of modern values. Hyper-modernization means rising orientation toward private life, and self expression. Secondly, We decomposed the value changes into three factors: age, period, and cohort (APC). Although the effects of APC were inconsistent, the effects of cohort were consistently smaller than previous studies had emphasized. When a large value change happened in a whole society, it happened among older cohorts as well as younger cohorts.
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Comprehensive studies of Japanese family during 1999-2009 by National Family Research of Japan dataset
Grant number：25380683 2013.4 - 2016.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Inaba Akihide, TABUCHI Rokuro, TSUTSUI Junya, YASUDA Tokio, MATSUDA Shigeki, NISHIMURA Junko, TANAKA Shigeto, NAGAI Akiko, NISHINO Michiko, SHIMAZAKI Naoko, HIRASAWA Kazushi, ARAMAKI Sohei, MATSUI Shinichi, BAE Jihey, KIM JungNim, SHI Liping, SUGANO Tsuyoshi, DAINICHI Yoshiharu, TANAKA Keiko, YAMATO Reiko, SUZUKI Fumiko, FUKUDA Nobutaka, NAKANISHI Yasuko, SHINADA Tomomi, INUI Junko, SHIMA Naoko, SAWAGUCHI Keiichi, MATSUNOBU Hiromi, UCHIDA Tetsuro, IDA Mizue, HORI Makiko, KAMO Yoshinori, YODA Shohei, MIWA Kiyoko, NEGISHI Yumi, CHIKAKANE Michiko, YOSHITAKE Rio
Grant amount：\4810000 （ Direct Cost: \3700000 、 Indirect Cost：\1110000 ）
We pubish book entitled 'Families in Japan,1999-2009: Based upon quantitative analyses of National Family Research of Japan (NFRJ)', which is consisted of nineteen papers written by twenty eight representive family researchers in Japan, in June 2016 from University of Tokyo Press (now printing).
We analyzed structures and changes of families in Japan mainly around preiod between 1999 to 2009, based upon National Family Reserach of Japan 2008 data set(NFRJ08),with NFRJ98 data set and/or NFRJ03 data set.
Thorugh the analyses, we can see the trend that people depend more on one's family of orientation during these period, though we can also see the disadvantages of people who do not have such resourceful family relationships gradually increasing. -
An empirical study of the relationships between parents and adult-children in the era of globalization and population aging with low birth rates
Grant number：25380721 2013.4 - 2016.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Yamato Reiko
Grant amount：\3510000 （ Direct Cost: \2700000 、 Indirect Cost：\810000 ）
Globalization of economy and population aging with low birth rates transform inter-generational relationships based on the gendered division of labor. This study examine two questions. 1) Which of the “individualization of spousal relationships” (namely each of the wife and the husband exchanges support with their own parents rather than with their spouse’s parents) or the “wife kin-keeper” (namely the wife, not the husband, exchanges support with both the wife’s and husband’s parents) are observed? 2) How has the gendered inheritance pattern changed? Analyses of the qualitative data of Japan revealed that 1) both the “individualization of spousal relationships” and “wife kin keeper” are observed when adult children give support to their parents, while only the “wife kin-keeper” is observed when the parents give support to adult children; and 2) gendered inheritance pattern has been weaken but maintained with more men receiving real estate while more women receiving money.
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International Joint Research on Family Changes and Welfare regimes in Contemporary Asia
Grant number：22243039 2010.4 - 2014.3
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
OCHIAI Emiko, ITO Kimio, IWAI Hachiro, OSHIKAWA Fumiko, TAROHMARU Hiroshi, YAMATO Reiko, ASATO Wako, UENO Kayoko, AOYAMA Kaoru, HIMEOKA Toshiko, KAWANO Eiji, PONGSAPITAKSANTI Piya
Grant amount：\41210000 （ Direct Cost: \31700000 、 Indirect Cost：\9510000 ）
It has been made clear by statistics that Asian families are diverse and cannot be reduced to geographical differences between East Asia and Southeast Asia. The myth of a monolithic "Asian Familism" tradition is also untrue. However, under the common condition of compressed modernity, welfare regimes have evolved where the role of the market is greater than that of the state and the economic burden of families is large; and in turn through the employment of migrant domestic workers and the characteristics of the labor market we see gender divisions becoming fixed and modern norms being further reinforced.
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An empirical analysis and theory construction on the relationships between elderly parents and adult children in contemporary Japan
Grant number：22530588 2010 - 2012
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
YAMATO Reiko
Grant amount：\2860000 （ Direct Cost: \2200000 、 Indirect Cost：\660000 ）
Using quantitative and qualitative data, this study examined the hypothesis that the parents-adult children relationships in the post-war Japan can be understood as the coexistence of patrilineal and gendered bilateral relationships. According to the results, first, the hypothesis is supported. Second, the coexistence of the two relationships hinders the smooth flow of resources between generations (i.e. the exchange of long-term care with inheritance). Third, the recent changes in the gendered division of labor in the adult-children’s household have altered the previous parents-adult children relationships and increased the coresidence with the wife’s parents.
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Study of an East Asian Stratification Model
Grant number：20330104 2008 - 2010
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
MISUMI Kazuo, ISHIDA Hiroshi, ARITA Shin, IWAMA akiko, KANBAYASHI Hiroshi, TAKENOSHITA Hirohisa, TAROMARU Hiroshi, NAKAMURA Takayasu, HAYASHI Yusuke, MIWA Satoshi, YAMATO Reiko, AIZAWA Shinichi, TAKI Hirofumi
Grant amount：\17550000 （ Direct Cost: \13500000 、 Indirect Cost：\4050000 ）
In order to develop international comparative study of occupational and educational inequality from the standpoint of East Asia, we proposed an East Asian stratification model in which we developed perspectives, conceptions, and methodology for effectively analyzing East Asian properties based on survey data. Within the common framework of educational expansion and rapid late-industrialization, it is important to evaluate influences of the historical and institutional differences with regard to educational institutions, labor institutions and economic organizations, gender, and social groups.
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A study on the relationships between public and private intergenerational transfers in contemporary Japan
Grant number：19530481 2007 - 2009
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
YAMATO Reiko, IWABUCHI Akiko, SHINDO Yukiko
Grant amount：\3120000 （ Direct Cost: \2400000 、 Indirect Cost：\720000 ）
Intergenerational relationships between elderly parents and adult children in contemporary Japan were studied on the basis of literature review and interview surveys. It was found that public intergenerational transfers such as old-age pension did not weaken but rather have maintained family relationships as seen in the fact that elderly parents actively give financial support to their adult children. From this study, a new hypothesis was established that both patri-lineal and bilateral relationships coexist in contemporary Japanese families.
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A Study of the division of child-rearing work between partners, relatives, neighbors, and child-care services in contemporary Japan
Grant number：16510207 2004 - 2005
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
KIWAKI Nachiko, ONODE Setsuko, FUYUKI Haruko, YAMATO Reiko
Grant amount：\3700000 （ Direct Cost: \3700000 ）
This based on our previous research which is done in 2002〜2003.
Our findings was there are so much gender-bias in child-care in contemporary Japan. Very few fathers participate in child-care and housework, but on the other side they feel that family is very Important. So, we wondered what factors prevent fathers from child-care.
This research is aimed to find more private circumstances around fathers and Mothers in contemporary Japan. We made interviews of 32parents (10fathers and 22mothers) in 2005.
The findings are that many father s doing so long-time works (especially in company) that they. Cannot get along with there children.
Our report is composed by 5 chapters. 1. Fathers conflicts between there works and (Kiwaki), 2. Child-care and gender-role images of house wife (Fujita), 3. Socialization of housework's and child-care (Yamato), 4. Relationship between parents and child : from the point of orientation family (Fuyuki), 5. The meaning of housework's and child-care of man. -
Comparative Study on Gender and Families in Asian Societies
Grant number：13372001 2001 - 2003
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
MIYASAKA Yasuko, FUJITA Michiyo, OCHIAI Emiko, YAMANE Mari, HASHIMOTO Hiroko, UENO Kayoko
Grant amount：\32500000 （ Direct Cost: \25000000 、 Indirect Cost：\7500000 ）
This research examines three types of societies categorized by the patterns of women's labor force participation rate. "An inverted U-shaped Curve" society ; China and Thailand, "a Giraffe Curve" society ; Singapore and Taiwan, and "an M-shaped Curve" society ; Japan and Korea. This means that people, except the area of Japan and Korea, take the style of two-income family after childbirth and child rearing.
In China, Thailand, and Singapore, relatives (parents, specially) help child rearing, and people hire servants in need. This has maintained the style of two-income family among those countries. Besides this point, each country has its own specific characteristics. In China (the South) today, women in maternity and in child rearing sustain their jobs by gaining the help by relatives (specially. by grandparents) and fathers' participation in child rearing. In recent Thailand (Urban Middle Class), the way of child rearing is changing. Depending on the marketization of housework, it shifts from the care by parents (by wives, in general) and resident maids to the care by the staffs in a private day-care center. Urban Middle Class in Thailand starts having a full-time housewife. In 1998 and 1999, it had the first M-shaped Curve in the women's labor force participation rate. In Singapore, generally, relatives take care of a child, and parents hire foster parents for child rearing until a child enter a kindergarten. As the sign of marketization of child rearing, it is the most significant characteristic of Singapore that a resident maid take care housework instead of parents (parents do not do any housework).
In conclusion, even in Japan and Korea, an M-shaped Curve society, the women's work force participation rate is now raising. In both countries, parents on wife's side support child rearing and use kindergartens for it, and a father participates in child rearing. However, Korea doesn't have an issue of isolation of mothers in child rearing. It is because people have closer relationship between relatives and various networks (neighborhoods and friends) more than Japan. Therefore, anxiety in child rearing remains one of the specific characteristics seen in Japan, which is unique in Asia. -
A Study on Gender and Support Networks for Child-Rearing in Contemporary Japan
Grant number：13837040 2001 - 2002
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
KIWAKI Nachiko, MIYASAKA Yasuko, FUYUKI Haruko, ONODE Setsuko, YAMATO Reiko, YAMANE Mari
Grant amount：\3700000 （ Direct Cost: \3700000 ）
This is a research project report of "A Study on Gender and Support Networks for Child-Rearing in Contemporary Japan" which took place in the fiscal year 2001-2002,with the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research c(l)(2001-2002).
The primary purpose of this research is to disclose the social support network for child rearing in contemporary Japan, and needs of the support network. Additionally, this research aims to reveal child rearing perceptions and problems that parents have in our changing society. The following is the summary for the content of this research.
Chapter 1. Research project outline: Research methods, attribution of the subjects, etc.
Chapter 2. Thoughts on task division by gender (Gender-Role): Utilization of child rearing support network and its frequency.
Chapter 3. Housework, child rearing, career and marital relationships: Relationships between domestic task sharing and contentment of marital relationship, etc.
Chapter 4.Men's orientation toward family and career: Men's strong tendencies toward family orientation are disclosed.
Chapter 5.: Developing the child rearing stress criteria in men.
Chapter 6.Issues surrounding wife's and husband's child rearing leave:Correlations between husband's view on taking child rearing leave and wife's professional career.
Chapter 7. Issues surrounding a mother's willingness to leave her children: 30% of full time housewives seldom leave their children, and are hesitant to leave them in someone's care.
Chapter 8. The mother's view in Post-Feminism era: Modern mothers have strong tendencies toward business-like transactions for child rearing.
Chapter 9.Modern aspects of child rearing: From subject's comments, we have analyzed the mother's sense of obstacles in child rearing, the father's active enrollment in child rearing, and difficulties of having a professional career. -
A Qualitative Study of Housowork in. Contempcrary Japanese Families : Realities, Meani and Sentiments
Grant number：12610173 2000 - 2001
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
YAMAME Mari, YAMATO Reiko, FUJITA Michiyo, ONODE Setsuko
Grant amount：\3600000 （ Direct Cost: \3600000 ）
The purpose of this study is to think about the possibility that housework is shared with men and by public sector in Japanese context. For that purpose, we had already conducted a questionnaire survey in 1995 both at urban and rural areas in Hyogo prefecture and had analyzed that data. In this project, we conducted an interview survey again in Hyogo prefecture during 2000 and 2001.
This year we analyzed the interview data and gave some papers at academic conferences and wrote a report of this project And besides, we held a public seminar on the theme of "From big merchant ie in Tokugawa era to zaibatsu in modern Japan; from perspective of le-dozoku theory.
Major findings of our interview survey are as follows. 1) The reason why Japanese women do almost all housework is that there is a kind of mechanism in which women get their gender identity by doing housework, not that they have strong gender role norms; 2) One of the important contexts in which men do housework is the necessity of caring for their own parents, a cause of life stage. 3) The meanings of sphere separation in rural area are different from that in urban area. In urban area, the concept of modern occupational/domestic separation of spheres is often indicated by informants and housework is spoken as chores which are done in domestic sphere, whereas in rural area, the concept of soto-shigoto(work of outside sphere)/naka-shigoto(work of inside sphere) separation is sometimes indicated by informants. 4) The occupational labor of women does not change men's gender role orientation but changes that of women. 5) Geiider and socio-economic status effect the meanings of ublic/private spheres, which are related to the orientation of receiving care after getting aged. -
家族の境界とケアおよびジェンダーとケアに関する研究
Grant number：08710152 1996
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 奨励研究(A)
大和 礼子
Grant amount：\1000000 （ Direct Cost: \1000000 ）
どのような人が家族外からの介護を受け入れ、どのような人が家族にしか介護してもらいたくないと思っているのか、を明らかにするために、サポート・ネットワークの視点から分析を行った。その結果次のようなことが明らかになった。
1.性別について:介護・精神援助・経済援助のいずれにおいても、男性より女性の方が多くの多様なネットワークをもっている。
以下の2.〜8.は、介護ネットワークについて検討した結果である。
2.年齢について:30歳代は1親等家族(親子・夫婦関係)が中心だが、40代以降になると専門機関に頼る傾向がみられる。
3.世帯形態について:男性では、現実の同居のしかたが介護ネットワークのあり方を規定しているのに対して、女性ではそのような傾向は見られない。
4.居住地域について:都市になるほど男女のズレが大きくなる。つまり都市になるほど、女性は専門機関に頼る人が増えるのに対し、男性は1親等家族に頼る人が増える。
5.社会経済的地位について:この点においても、社会経済的地位が高いほど男女のズレが大きくなる。夫婦の最終教育歴、夫の職業的地位や年収が高い場合は、妻は専門機関に頼る傾向が強まるのに対して、夫は1親等家族に頼る傾向が強まる。
6.家族愛意識・性別役割分業意識について:家族愛意識は男・女ともに、性別役割分業意識は女性において影響がみられた。このような意識が強い人の介護ネットワークは一親等家族や親族に限定される傾向にあり、逆にこのような意識が弱い人の介護ネットワークは、非親族や専門機関にまで広がる傾向がみられた。
7.家事について:人間関係を調整する家事においては、そのような家事を行っている人の方が、介護ネットワークは1親等家族を越えてひろがる傾向が見られた。
8.地域活動への参加について:男女ともに、地域活動をしている人は、介護ネットワークが一親等家族の外に広がっているのに対し、地域活動をしていない人は、一親等家族に頼りがちである。 -
日本近・現代における家族変動
Grant number：05851033 1993
日本学術振興会 科学研究費助成事業 奨励研究(A)
大和 礼子
Grant amount：\900000 （ Direct Cost: \900000 ）
今年度は2つの研究を行った。
1つめとして、新聞の投書欄に寄せられた投書をもとに、現在人々がもつ家族イメージを分析した。すでに他の研究によって、家族とは人々がをれぞれもっている主観的な像であり、家族/非家族の区別は人々がそれぞれ主観的に行っているということが明らかにされている。それでは人々はどのような基準で家族/非家族の区別を行っているのであろうか。それを明らかにするためにまず、人々が家族に対してもつイメージを探った。それによると、家族内においては「無償性」「非業績主義」「比較不能性-交換不能性」という原理が貫通している(すべきである)と考えられていることがわかった。また、このような原理がはたらくゆえに、家族は「自己の存在の根拠」を無条件に与えてくれる場であり、「安らぎ」の場であると考えられていることもわかった。人々は、家族には上記のような特徴があり、非家族にはそのような特徴はないという、2分法的な単純化されて世界観を繰り返し述べている。そして人々は、上記のような原理を将来に向けて維持できるような人物を家族に区分し、維持できないような人物は「もう家族とは思わない」という形で非家族に区分する傾向があることがわかった。今後は、家族イメージの年齢差やジェンダー差、また時代差について調べていきたい。
2つめとして、筆者が既に収集していた数量データを分析して、中年期の女性のもつ家族イメージが、学歴、就労形態、家族形態などの基本属性によってどのように異なるかについて分析した。学歴が高いほうが、フルタイムの仕事をもっているほうが、子供や夫がいない人の方が、伝統的な家族意識から解放されている度合いが大きいことがわかった。ただし、家族イメージを構成する個々の項目によって、解放度には差がある。そこで今後はどの項目では差が大きく、どの項目では小さいのかなど、さらに詳細な分析を進めたい。
Social Activities
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茨木市社会教育委員
2002
Devising educational methods
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すべての科目において、グローバル化時代に対応できるコミュニケーション力と論理的思考力を養うことを主眼としている。 ●基礎研究（学部・演習科目・1年時生向け） ① 宿題としてのミニレポート：学習課題のより深い理解とコミュニケーション力向上のために、グループ・ワークを中心に授業を進めている。グループ・ディスカッションを有効に機能させるために、ディスカッションのテーマについて毎回、全員に宿題としてミニレポートを課している。それをもとにディスカッションとグループ発表を行う。またミニレポートは教員に提出し、教員は一人ひとりについて添削・評価して返却している。 ② ディベートの実施：自分の意見をわかりやすく話すこと、相手の主張をきちんと聞いて理解すること、チーム全員が協力することなどの力を高めるために、授業でディベートを行っている。学生には「おもしろくて、ためになる」と好評である。 ③ ポジティブなコメントの推奨： 建設的・価値創造的な思考力を養うため、ディスカッションの際には、必ずポジティブなコメントをしてから、質問に入ることをルール化している。 ④ コピー・アンド・ペーストをさせない工夫：発表・レポート作成時に、インターネットからの安易なコピー・アンド・ペーストを避けるため、予備的発表（授業時に、参考文献として読む本の現物を持参し、なぜその本が当該テーマの研究に有益なのかを説明する）を課している。その後、その本を読んで、研究テーマについての発表を行い、レポートを書く。 ●専門演習・卒業研究（学部・演習科目・3～4年時生向け） ⑤ 発表とディスカッション中心の授業：コミュニケーション力を養うため、発表とディスカッション中心の授業を行っている。司会、発表順などプログラムの作成、重要ポイントの板書なども学生が行っている。 ⑥ 「問い→仮説構築→データの提示→結論」という思考：論理的思考力を養うため、文献輪読、発表、レポート作成の際は、「問い→仮説構築→データの提示→結論」という流れを念頭において行うことを課している。 ⑦ 数字・図をつかったプレゼンテーション：将来、日本語以外の言語でコミュニケーションする際に、言語でのコミュニケーションを補う有効な手段として、発表やレポート作成において、数字や図を使った説明をできるだけ取り入れることを推奨し、その具体的な方法についても指導している。 ⑧ パネルディスカッション：卒業研究は11月末までに大筋を仕上げ、12月以降の授業ではパネルディスカッション方式で学生の研究発表を行っている。4年間の研究の総仕上げということで、活発なディスカッションが行われ、学生自身も自分および仲間の能力向上を実感する場となっている。またそこで出された他の学生の意見は、卒業研究の最後の仕上げに役立っている。 ●講義科目（学部） ⑨ 「問い→仮説構築→データの提示→結論」という思考：講義を「問い→仮説構築→データの提示→結論」という構成で行い、学生が論理的思考法・プレゼンテーション法を学ぶためのモデルとして利用できるように配慮している。 ⑩ 双方向的コミュニケーションの確保：大人数の講義においても、教員←→学生、学生←→学生といった双方向的コミュニケーションを確保できるよう、ハンドマイクを使って学生の意見を聞く、コメントペーパーを記入・提出してもらい次の授業でそれを紹介・フィードバックする、といったことを行っている。講義科目においても他の学生の意見や経験から学ぶ機会になっており、たいへん有効である。
Teaching materials
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① 教材としての小冊子の作成：演習科目である基礎研究（学部・1年時生向け）や専門演習・卒業研究（学部・3～4年時生向け）のために、発表・レポート作成に必要な技法・情報・ひな型をまとめた4種類の小冊子を作り、学生に配布している。学生はこれを参考にしながら自主学習により、発表の準備・レポート作成などができる。毎年バージョンアップを行っている。 ・『基礎研究の進め方』（学部・1年時生用） http://yamatoreiko.web.fc2.com/kisoken_spring_web.pdf ・『社会調査の方法』『卒業研究の進め方』『卒業研究の書き方』（学部・3～4年時生用） ② 家族社会学の教科書の執筆：専門の講義科目である家族社会学1・2のために、以下の教科書を作った。どちらにおいても「問い→仮説構築→データの提示→結論」という思考のモデルとなるように、記述や章立てを工夫している。 ・大和礼子･斧出節子･木脇奈智子（編）2008『男の育児・女の育児―家族社会学からのアプローチ』昭和堂. ・大和礼子, 2008, 『生涯ケアラーの誕生―再構築された世代関係／再構築されない世代関係』学文社. ③ 社会学専攻の教員で、『基礎社会学』（世界思想社から出版）というテキストを作っている。4年ごとに改定を行い、アップ・トゥー・デートな内容になるよう配慮している。
Teaching method presentations
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① 社会学教育についての調査：日本社会学会の社会学教育委員会の委員として、「学生に対する社会学教育についてのアンケート調査」「さまざまな世代の社会学者に対して、自分が受けた社会学教育・自分が行ってきた社会学教育についてのインタビュー調査」を行った（2002～2004年）。その成果を次の報告書で発表した。 ・大和礼子, 2006, 「社会学教育とジェンダー」『社会学者は誰に何を教えどんな人間を創っていくのか』平成14-16年度科学研究費補助金（基礎研究（B）（1）、#14310074）研究成果報告書, 代表者 藤崎宏子（お茶の水大学）, 81-97. ② 社会学の導入教育についての調査・実践記録：関西大学社会学部社会学専攻の教員4人で社会学の導入教育についての研究会を作り、調査を行い、その成果を授業の実践記録と合わせて次の論文にして発表した。 ・杉野昭博･永井良和･大和礼子･間淵領吾, 2008, 「社会学の導入教育における授業連携に関する予備的調査研究」『関西大学社会学部紀要』39（3）, 63-102.
Special notes on other educational activities
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・本学併設校の高校生向けに、社会学部および社会学専攻をよりよく知っていただく活動の一環として、シンポジウム「東日本大震災を社会学部で考える」を行った（2011年7月25日（月））。そのシンポジウムで、「東日本大震災と家族」というテーマで報告した。