Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

DOI： 10.1007/s10762-021-00774-x

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Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10762-021-00774-x/fulltext.html

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences  

DOI： 10.2322/tastj.19.266

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

Abstract

We report an approach to efficiently generate terahertz radiation from a combined periodic structure. The proposed configuration is composed of two metallic slit arrays deliberately designed with different periodic length, slit width and depth. We found that the combination of the two slit arrays could provide special electromagnetic modes, which exhibit nonradiative property above the surface of one slit array and radiative property inside the other one. An electron beam holding proper energy could resonate with those modes to generate strong and directional electromagnetic radiations in the terahertz regime, indicating that the approach has the potential in developing high-performance terahertz radiation sources.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-019-43072-2

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Other Link： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-43072-2

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：JACoW Publishing  

A compact radiation source based on the combination of Smith-Purcell radiation and the coherent radiation emitted by the short electron beam is being developed. A photo-electron gun driven by 100 fs laser generated short pulse electron beam with a charge of 300 pC at the space-charge limitation operation. To evaluate the pulsewidth of the photo-electron beam, we developed a method based on the envelope equation. In this method, the pulsewidth was evaluated by the comparison of the measured beam radius and calculated beam radius. The result showed that while the pulsewidth increased with the beam charge, it remained shorter than 3.3 ps even at the maximum charge operation. With this electron beam, experiments to generate Smith-Purcell radiation was performed. Nonlinear dependence of the radiation energy on the charge was observed and this result indicated the occurrence of the collective radiation process.

DOI： 10.18429/JACoW-FEL2019-TUP012

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

© 2018 IEEE. We have proposed a slit-array configuration demonstrating higher efficiency in terahertz radiation. Based on the radiation mechanism, we planned to develop terahertz emitter and coherent radiation source. Research on the geometrical structure, the output methods, and the radiation characteristics are being performed, and the experimental setup is under construction. In this paper, we report on the radiation physics and the consideration on effectively outputting the terahertz radiation, and introduce the recent progress in experiments.

DOI： 10.1109/IRMMW-THz.2018.8510392

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：AMER INST PHYSICS  

This letter reports an approach to realize coherent radiation at the fundamental frequency of the wave that is resonant with the electron beam in a Smith-Purcell (SP) free-electron laser (FEL). We found that a two-dimensional grating structure equipped with a dielectric substrate could provide an electromagnetic mode which shows the property of a surface wave in the vacuum region where the beam-wave interaction occurs, and operates as a radiative wave in the dielectric region. Thus, an electron beam holding medium energy resonant with the mode could radiate at the fundamental frequency, which is different from the typical Smith-Purcell free-electron laser that radiates only at harmonics of the resonant frequency. Published by AIP Publishing.

DOI： 10.1063/1.4980046

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Language：Japanese  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan  

Developments of two types of the electron gun are presented. One is a compact DC electron gun using Field Emitter Array (FEA) as the <i>cold</i> cathode, the other is a photoinjector which outputs sub-pico second electron beam pulse. The FEA electron gun achieved to producing a 2 mA/50 kV electron beam. The photoinjector experiments revealed an exotic space-charge effect on the ultra-shot electron beam pulse.

DOI： 10.1541/ieejfms.134.22

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/10027425656?from=CiNii

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：John Wiley and Sons Inc.  

A compact Cherenkov free-electron laser operating in the terahertz spectral range is being developed. Analysis of the double-slab type optical resonator has clarified the resonant frequency, the small signal gain, and the saturation power of the device. One-dimensional simulation code predicted a small signal gain of 6% with a 50 kV/3.6 mA electron beam. The saturation power was estimated to be 90 mW. The out-coupling structure of the resonator was designed using 3D simulation code. A transmittivity of 3.0% and a spread angle of 0.4 rad were predicted. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/ecj.11554

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan  

The compact Cherenkov free-electron laser operating in the terahertz spectral range is being developed. The analysis of the double-slab type optical resonator clarified the resonant frequency, the small signal gain and the saturation power of the device. One dimensional simulation code predicted a small signal gain of 6% with a 50kV/3.6mA electron beam. Saturation power was estimated to be 90mW. The out-coupling structure of the resonator was designed by using a 3D simulation code. A transmittivity 3.0% and spread angle 0.4rad was predicted.

DOI： 10.1541/ieejfms.132.741

CiNii Books

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/10008370364?from=CiNii

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：AMER INST PHYSICS  

This letter reports a theory to calculate the growth rate and start current of a Smith-Purcell free-electron laser, which is a promising radiation source in the terahertz domain. A two-dimensional model was used to investigate the interaction between a sheet electron beam and the surface wave above a lamellar grating. After deriving the growth rate from the dispersion equation, the start current was carefully estimated by considering the power flow above the grating. The agreement between the predictions of our theory and the results from the particle-in-cell simulations is acceptable. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4711803]

DOI： 10.1063/1.4711803

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

Smith-Purcell radiation occurs when an electron passes close to the surface of a metallic grating. The radiation becomes coherent when the length of the electron bunch is smaller than the wavelength of the radiation. A train of periodic bunches can enhance the spectral intensity by changing the angular and spectral distribution of the radiation. This is called super-radiant Smith-Purcell radiation, and has been observed in experiments and particle-in-cell simulations. In this paper, we introduce a new method to study this effect by calculating the reflected waves of an incident evanescent wave from periodic line charges. The reflection coefficients are numerically computed, and the spectral distributions of the super-radiant radiation are demonstrated. These analytical results are in agreement with those obtained through part-in-cell simulations. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.nima.2012.01.039

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The magnetic behavior of Co plates has been compared with those of Fe and Ni plates studied in a previous work. It was found that the factor of magnetization η b for Co plates does not show abrupt reduction with decreasing thickness, and magnetic flux density B m and magnetization P m are similar to those of Fe plates rather than Ni plates. © 2012 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.

DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.51.028002

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

We present an analytical theory for small-signal operation of a Smith-Purcell free-electron laser with a finitely thick electron beam travelling close to the surface of a grating. The dispersion equation is derived from a self-consistent set of small-signal equations describing the dynamics of beam-wave interaction. By solving the dispersion equation carefully, we reveal that the growth rate of the field amplitude holds a finite value at the Bragg point, which is different from previous theoretical predictions. Copyright © 2012 by the respective authors.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

Smith-Purcell radiation from an electric line charge that moves, at constant speed, parallel to a grating made of metamaterial with negative index is analyzed. Through theoretical analysis and computations, we show that the Smith-Purcell radiation is stronger from a grating of negative-index material, than that from a positive-index material and perfect conductor. Also, we found that the radiation strongly depends on the values of permeability and permittivity. Calculations on grating with saw-like profile and rectangular profile are also carried out and demonstrated. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.nima.2011.02.022

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：AMER INST PHYSICS  

Grating with Bragg reflectors for the Smith-Purcell free-electron laser is proposed to improve the reflection coefficient, resulting in enhancing the interaction of the surface wave with the electron beam and, consequently, relax the requirements to the electron beam. With the help of particle-in-cell simulations, it has been shown that the usage of Bragg reflectors may improve the growth rate, shorten the time for the device to reach saturation, and lower the start current for the operation of a Smith-Purcell free-electron laser. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3594243]

DOI： 10.1063/1.3594243

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

Grating with Bragg reflectors for the Smith-Purcell free-electron laser is proposed to improve the reflection coefficient, resulting in enhancing the interaction of the surface wave with the electron beam and, consequently, relax the requirements to the electron beam. With the help of particle-in-cell simulations, it has been shown that, the usage of Bragg reflectors may improve the growth rate, shorten the time for the device to reach saturation and lower the start current for the operation of a Smith-Purcell free-electron laser.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

A scheme of Smith-Purcell free-electron laser with using a grating made of negative-index material is analyzed. Through theoretical analysis and computations, we show that the Smith-Purcell radiation is stronger in a specific range of radiation angle, from a grating of negative-index material, than positive-index material and perfect conductor. The dispersion relation for the surface mode of a grating of negative-index material is also worked out, which shows the possibility of realizing a Smith-Purcell free-electron laser with tens of keV electron beam.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Experimental investigation of a compact 40-kV diode-type photoelectric DC gun driven by 100fs laser pulses revealed that the space-charge-limited current density could exceed 30kA/cm2 and that the density increased linearly with the accelerating voltage. We explained these important properties by the balance between the cathode surface field and the field produced by sheet-like electron bunches near the cathode surface. Our simple physical model agreed well with the experimental results. Copyright © 2011 Hiroko Yamamoto et al.

DOI： 10.1155/2011/714265

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SPRINGER  

A two-section grating system for Smith-Purcell free-electron lasers is investigated. The system is composed of two open gratings with different geometrical parameters. It is expected that the originally continuous electron beam is bunched in the first section by interaction with the evanescent wave near the grating surface, and enhanced radiation can be extracted at the second section in the form of super-radiant Smith-Purcell radiation at a designed angle. With the help of particle-in-cell simulation, the electron beam bunching and directed output of the fundamental radiation and higher order harmonics are demonstrated.

DOI： 10.1007/s10762-010-9711-3

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

A compact Cherenkov free-electron laser is studied for a double-slab structure with no incident field or electromagnetic feedback mechanism. The simplified model is composed of a rectangular wave-guide partially filled with two lined parallel dielectric slabs and a sheet electron beam. The interaction between the electron beam and the electromagnetic mode is described with the macro-particle approach. The coupled equations are derived and solved numerically with the parameters of an ongoing experiment, demonstrating the amplification of emitted power from spontaneous emission. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.infrared.2009.11.007

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

A 50 kV photo-electron gun was developed to construct a powerful broad-band terahertz radiation source. A magnesium photocathode was irradiated by a frequency tripled Ti:sapphire laser. Train of electron bunch of 50 pC was generated. The bunch produced the optical transition radiation at the beam dumper. © 2010 IEEE.

DOI： 10.1109/ICIMW.2010.5613066

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

A compact Cherenkov free-electron laser is studied for a double-slab structure with no incident field or electromagnetic feedback mechanism. The simplified model is composed of a rectangular wave-guide partially filled with two lined parallel dielectric slabs and a sheet electron beam. The interaction between the electron beam and the electromagnetic mode is described with the macro-particle approach. The coupled equations are derived and solved numerically with the parameters of an ongoing experiment, demonstrating the amplification of emitted power from spontaneous emission.

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

We designed a compact Cherenkov Free-Electron Laser (CFEL) oscillator driven by 50keV electron beam. The resonator, called double-slab resonator, consists of a rectangular waveguide partially filled with two lined parallel silicon slabs, whose dielectric constant e equals to 11.6 in the terahertz frequency range. The operation frequency ranges from 40GHz to 1THz according to the thickness of the slabs. Numerical calculation predicted 100W-level output at 46GHz by electron beam with 50keV/400mA.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：IEEE, ELECTRON DEVICES SOC & RELIABILITY GROUP  

Design of a Cherenkov free-electron laser operating in millimeter wave range was carried out as a test bench for a compact terahertz radiation source. A CW output of 1.8 W is expected at the frequency of 46.4 GHz with 50 keV electron beam. The experimental apparatus consists of Spindt-cathode, double-silicon-slab resonator and super-conducting coil.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：IEEE Computer Society  

A compact Free-Electron Laser operating in the millimeter and terahertz wave range is under development. The radiation is generated via Cherenkov effect of a 50 keV electron beam passing through a waveguide loaded with silicon slabs. Comparing to the conventional undulator based FELs, our device is significantly compact because of the low energy of the electron beam. The size of the device is comparable to the THz sources fed by the solid-state fs lasers. The numerical simulation predicted an output of 2W in average with 1mA/50keV CW electron beam at a frequency of 46 GHz. A test bench using the Spindt cathode as the beam source and a superconducting magnet for the beam focusing was constructed. A preliminary lasing experiment in the millimeter wave range is now under way.

DOI： 10.1109/icimw.2007.4516661

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

A Cherenkov free-electron laser (CFEL) generating terahertz radiation is now being developed under the joint research of Osaka Sangyo university and Kansai university. The main feature of the CFEL is its compactness. Micro-beamlets from Spindt-type field emitter array are accelerated up to 50 keV and then injected into a silicon resonator with a path of 50 to 150 μ m spacing through which electrons propagate. Omitting the evacuation system and power supply, the size of CFEL section, including electron gun and resonator, is about 1 × 1 × 4 cm3. For the generation and the transport of the electron beam few μm in diameter, we investigated characteristics of the Spindt cathode, beam focusing by electrode and the magnetic field. A carbon nanotube field emitter was also tested for future application.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

A solenoid-induced helical wiggler is suitable for a compact free electron maser operated by low energy electron beam. It consists of two staggered-iron arrays installed perpendicularly to each other in a solenoid magnet. It is tried, in this work, that the adiabatic transition field is also produced by staggered-nickel plates with different thickness in five periods. It is most important how to decide each thickness of the nickel plate. After it is decided by repeated combination of the simulation and practical measurement of the magnetic field distribution, exact thickness is selected by the precise measurement of the field distribution referring to an equivalent electric circuit of the wiggler.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

A novel radiation source in the terahertz wave spectral region is being developed. The radiation is produced by electrons, which undergo a half-cyclotron rotation. Injecting the electron bunch with the energy of 150MeV into the 3m-long solenoid field, we observed that the radiation had the intense millimeter spectral component when the cyclotron resonant frequency was set to be 4THz. The numerical calculation revealed that the radiation could be regarded as a half-cycle radiation with the pulsewidth approximately equaled to that of the electron bunch. Also, the calculation pointed out the possibility to amplify such radiation in the optical resonator. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.036

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

The Institute of Free-Electron Laser (iFEL) was established in April 2000 at Osaka University. The facility was constructed by the Free-Electron Laser Institute corporation (FELI) from 1992 to 1997 FELI demonstrated lasing in the spectral range from 0.28 to 20 mum. Efforts are still being made by Osaka University in order to extend the lasing range. In the operational period from April 2001 to March 2002, mid-infrared light of 5-20 mum was supplied for over 40 cooperative research programs on fields of semiconductor, bio-medical and environmental chemistry. An effort is ongoing to improve the property of the light. In this paper, the status of iFEL and some biomedical applications research are described. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01864-3

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

It is useful to use a high-energy electron beam and a long-period wiggler to accomplish far-infrared (FIR), free-electron laser (FEL) operation with power as high as possible. In this study, the magnetic field of a wiggler has been analyzed by computational simulation and applied to the case of an FIR-FEL driven by an electron beam of the Institute of FEL (iFEL), Osaka University, with maximum energy of 165 MeV. The wiggler is a hybrid helical consisting of permanent magnets and ferromagnetic bodies and has some poles per one period used to obtain a uniform sinusoidal magnetic field. In most simulations, the period and gap length of the wiggler were assumed to be 14 and 2 cm, respectively. A uniform field higher than 1 T was calculated for the wiggler when the number of poles per period was greater than 8. It is expected by using this kind of wiggler and an electron beam energy of 165 MeV that the power of FIR-FEL will be &gt; 100 times as high as that for a usual FEL. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00864-7

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL  

We are exploring to process nuclear waste through nuclear transmutation method with gamma ray irradiation. The gamma ray employed for transmutation is generated in the way of Compton backscattering. Preliminary experiment is being developed on the NewSUBARU storage ring providing an electron beam with energy of 1 GeV. and 17.6MeV gamma ray will be generated through a head-on collision of the electron beam and a 1.064 mum laser light. gamma ray flux about the present experiment is predicted theoretically. A planned scheme for promoting the flux is also introduced, as well as the maximum laser power available for the storage ring is discussed.

DOI： 10.1023/A:1021842720371

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：INST PURE APPLIED PHYSICS  

Institute of Free-Electron Laser is one of the FEL supplying facilities for 2000 hours in a-year. The FEL system consists of two RF-linacs and five wigglers, and covers the wavelength range from 0.28 to 100 pm. In the operational period from April 2001 to March 2002, the mid-infrared light of 5 to 20 mum was supplied for over 40 cooperative research programs on fields of semiconductor, bio-medical and environmental chemistry An effort is still carrying on to improve the property of the light.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA  

Polarizers with non-rectangular grooves are studied in high power millimeter wave transmission lines for electron cyclotron heating (ECH) and electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) of fusion plasmas. The groove shape is important for determining the polarization parameters and avoiding are breakdown in the system. A low-power measurement has been carried out for several polarizers with different groove depths. The polarization characteristics experimentally measured are in good agreement with numerical results in which the actual groove shape is taken into account. The polarizers are designed and applied to different frequencies of ECH/ECCD systems. Favorable results have been obtained in high-power transmission up to 500 kW, 0.2 s. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/S0920-3796(00)00525-1

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ANS  

A stuffed cusp field with a torus ECR surface is obtained by adding a toroidal stuffer field onto a simple cusp field. Results of the production of ECR plasma in this field is described. With sweeping the stuffer current, Iis start to increase when the ECR surface forms closed torus, and reaches up several times of one without the stuffer current. Only in this closed case, X-rays (&gt
3 keV) are detected by NaI scintillator. These disappear when an obstacle is inserted inside ECR torus, suggesting that the ECR torus is of primary importance to produce and maintain energetic electrons. A peak density and temperature measured by a floating double probe reach up to ne ≅ 2 × 1012cm-3 and Te ≅ 25eV at a low Ar pressure of p ≅ 7.3 × 10-6 Torr with the microwave power of 380W.

DOI： 10.13182/fst01-a11963438

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

DOI： 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01459-4

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

For soft X-ray projection lithography, we propose a 13 nm advanced SASE FEL with a quasi-stable optical klystron configuration. To shorten the wiggler length and decrease the overall size of the FEL system, we put Forward the concept of quasi-stable operation of an asymmetric optical klystron. With a similar tolerance, our advanced SASE FEL can cut down the magnetic length of a single-pass SASE FEL from 37.12 to 20.3 m at the saturation power 42.8 MW (3D cornered), at the cost of an energy-modulated e-beam bunch and an adjustable dispersion magnet system. The detail analyses are based on the Pellegrini's scaling law and the one-dimensional FEL simulation code ILT1D.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

A one-dimensional, multi-frequency simulation code has been developed for FELs which use a waveguide to confine the radiation field. Using this simulation code, we analyzed the spontaneous emission from electron micropulses produced by an RF linac. It is found that for some parameters both high and low frequency waveguide modes are growing simultaneously and the resulting spectrum thus contains two peaks. Finally, the experimentally obtained dependence of the radiation power on cavity length detuning is analyzed.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

An electromagnetic helical microwiggler with three poles in one period installing permanent magnets to suppress the leakage field has been designed and manufactured. The gap field of the wiggler is adjustable by controlling the position of an iron screw set in each retainer fixing the permanent magnet blocks. In a test wiggler with a period of 7.9 mm and magnetic pole gap length of 4.6 mm, the field has been measured 2.3 kG which was more than two times larger than that of the wiggler without permanent magnets.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：AIP PRESS  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：AIP PRESS  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：AIP PRESS  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

Use of the supercavity for photon storage had been proposed to enhance the interaction between lasers and e-beams (Compton scattering). To demonstrate the feasibility of this technology, proof-of-principle (POP) experiments are in progress. A supercavity with similar to 99.99% reflectivity mirrors has been constructed to confine the LD-pumped Nd:YAG laser light. The confined photons will be used to interact with 100 kV CW electron beams. It is expected that-the interaction will be enhanced by 10(4) times, resulting in a scattered photon flux as much as 2X10(7) photons s(-1) rad(-1) at the wavelength lambda similar to 0.4 mu m.

DOI： 10.1016/0168-9002(94)01582-1

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

The feasibility of compact radiation sources using photon storage technology is discussed. Compact high-brightness radiation sources with photon energies from keV to more than 10 MeV can be realized by this method. These compact radiation sources will meet the requirements of applicatioins in lithography, angiography, fission product annihilation, intense positron source and so on.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS  

A new concept of harmonic generation of Thomson backscattered X-rays by the angular alignment between the axes of the electron beam and incident laser beam has been proposed. Various properties of the backscattered X-ray harmonic radiation are examined, including the linewidth, radiation pattern on the observation plane, and the behavior of the radiation spectra at ultrahigh laser intensities. It is shown by the simulation results that when the electron beam is deliberately aligned at a suitable small angle in the polarization plane of the linearly polarized laser, both even and odd harmonics along the electron beam axis are generated, which is different from the perfectly aligned case where only odd harmonic radiations peak on the electron-laser axis. Moreover the high harmonics on the angularly aligned electron-laser configuration may have several times higher intensities compared with the axial intensity of the fundamental harmonic in a perfectly aligned case.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

Based on the concept of interacting electron with intense light stored in a supercavity, a compact and high brightness soft X-ray source has been proposed for lithography at ILT/ILE. For the purpose of enhancing the collision frequency of electron-photon beams, the idea of a combination of a supercavity pumped by a cw diode laser with an electrostatic dc accelerator has been put forward, for which a high average spectral brightness of 1.79 x 10(17) with a wavelength of 9.8 angstrom, and a bandwidth of 0.17% can be expected. Two other upgraded systems for the production of high peak brightness X-ray radiation and high brightness gamma-ray radiation have also been proposed, which are based on an ultrahigh power laser (2 TW, 5 ps) and a compact electron storage ring (300 MeV/89.3 mA). Meanwhile, the prototype laser undulator system and the current experiments on photon storage in a Fabry-Perot cavity pumped by a high power mode-locked Nd: YAG laser (25 MW, 89.25 MHz) are introduced.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

A compact FEL system is developed at ILT/ILE, Osaka, Japan. The wavelength range from mm to several mum in infrared and soft X-ray generation using a laser undulator is expected.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

Analysis is performed for higher harmonic generation on a modified wiggler.

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Laser Society of Japan  

DOI： 10.2184/lsj.19.Supplement_31

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD  

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Publishing type：Research paper, summary (international conference)   Publisher：IEEE  

DOI： 10.1109/irmmw-thz46771.2020.9370658

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Language：Japanese  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese  

CiNii Books

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Other Link： http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/10458633

Language：Japanese  

CiNii Books

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Language：English   Publisher：JAPAN SOCIETY APPLIED PHYSICS  

An adiabatic transition field in a solenoid-induced helical wiggler has been successfully generated using staggered Ni plates with different thicknesses of 6 to 0.1 mm. However, trials using Fe plates instead of Ni plates failed to generate a suitable adiabatic transition field To elucidate these phenomena, the magnetic behavior of Ni and Fe plates with regard to the thickness dependence was studied by a fundamental electromagnetic calculation with the aid of a field calculation based on the finite element method The magnetic flux density of a Ni plate increases and then decreases with the reduction in thickness from 6 to 0.8 mm and from 0 8 to 0 1 mm, respectively On the other hand. the magnetic flux density of an Fe plate does not have a maximum but monotonically increases until the smallest thickness of 0.1 mm. The dependence of magnetic flux density on thickness differs between Ni and Fe plates This difference explains the necessity of using a Ni plate for the adiabatic transition part of the wiggler. Furthermore, we estimated three types of demagnetizing factor depending on the thickness of the plate. (C) 2009 The Japan Society of Applied Physics

DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.48.114504

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Physical Society of Japan (JPS)  

CiNii Books

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Language：English   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA  

A compact electron gun using field emitter array has been developed. With a simple triode configuration consisting of FEA, mid-electrode and anode electrode, the electron gun produces a parallel beam with a diameter of 0.5 mm. This electron gun is applicable for compact radiation sources such as Cherenkov free-electron lasers. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.tsf.2008.09.026

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Language：Japanese  

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Language：English   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

Effects of bunch length fluctuation on FEL output are studied experimentally and numerically. The FEL energy drops quasi-periodically in the saturation regime except for certain detuning. The observation of the change in bunch length reveals that the elongation of the bunch length causes these dips. A one-dimensional numerical simulation can reproduce the effect of the elongation of bunch length on the FEL output qualitatively. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00841-6

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Language：English   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

Effects of bunch length fluctuation on FEL output are studied experimentally and numerically. The FEL energy drops quasi-periodically in the saturation regime except for certain detuning. The observation of the change in bunch length reveals that the elongation of the bunch length causes these dips. A one-dimensional numerical simulation can reproduce the effect of the elongation of bunch length on the FEL output qualitatively. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)00841-6

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The development of a 100 MW far-infrared free-electron laser oscillator is reported. By using a 180 MeV electron beam, this system will provide the high power and the rapid scanning of the broad wavelength range. 10-100 mum, to enhance the user programs. The intracavity power of several GWs will be used for Compton back scattering X- or gamma-ray generation. To store such an intense radiation, the dynamics of the FEL oscillator with a coupling parameter mu(c) less than or equal to 1 which is defined as the ratio of the slippage distance and the electron bunch length, was investigated experimentally oil the operating mid-infrared system. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00329-7

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The development of a 100 MW far-infrared free-electron laser oscillator is reported. By using a 180 MeV electron beam, this system will provide the high power and the rapid scanning of the broad wavelength range. 10-100 mum, to enhance the user programs. The intracavity power of several GWs will be used for Compton back scattering X- or gamma-ray generation. To store such an intense radiation, the dynamics of the FEL oscillator with a coupling parameter mu(c) less than or equal to 1 which is defined as the ratio of the slippage distance and the electron bunch length, was investigated experimentally oil the operating mid-infrared system. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00329-7

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Physical Society of Japan (JPS)  

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Language：English   Publisher：AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC  

Extraordinary (X) waves are perpendicularly injected for electron Bernstein (B) wave heating into an Ohmically heated plasma from the inboard side in the WT-3 tokamak. Measurements show that absorption does not take place at the electron cyclotron resonance layer nor the upper hybrid resonance layer, but does happen midway between them. This is consistent with the ray tracing prediction, i.e., the poloidal field and poloidal inhomogeneity of toroidal field lead the B waves to have a large parallel refractive index N-parallel to (&gt;1), and the B waves are damped away via the Doppler-shifted cyclotron resonance.

DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.3783

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A pressure driven m = 1/n = 1 mode is excited by lower hybrid current drive in the WT-3 tokamak [T. Maehara et al., Nucl. Fusion 38, 39 (1998)]. The excitation of the mode is accompanied with the decrease of the magnetic shear and with the peaking of the soft x-ray emissivity profile inside the q = 1 surface. The crescent-shaped mode structure appeared on the contour map of the soft x-ray emissivity is consistent with that of the quasi-interchange mode. The m = 1 mode can be suppressed by electron cyclotron heating near the q = 1 surface. The range of the location of the electron cyclotron resonance layer effective for the complete suppression is much wider and the time scale for the suppression is much faster than those in the case of the suppression of the tearing mode in the ohmic heating plasma. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-664X(00)03301-2].

DOI： 10.1063/1.873823

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Language：English   Publisher：JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS  

With a spheroidal electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) surface completely enclosed in a vacuum vessel in a simple cusp field, we can produce ECR plasmas with a peak electron density up to n(e) similar or equal to 5 x 10(11) cm(-3) at a low Ar pressure of p similar or equal to 1.5 x 10(-5) Torr by injection of 2.45 GHz microwave power of P-in = 150-400 W. The degree of ionization reaches over 50% at this local density peak point. Such a high degree of ionization may be due to the efficient ionization by suprathermal tail electrons (W &gt; 30 eV), which are observed in single probe characteristics. On the other hand, at a relatively high pressure of p similar or equal to 1.5 x 10(-4) Torr, a flat density profile with density nearly equal to the plasma cutoff density (7 x 10(10) cm(-3)) is obtained inside the ECR spheroid.

DOI： 10.1143/jjap.38.L885

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Plasma Science and Nuclear Fusion Research  

An 89 GHz quasi-optical Electron Cyclotron Heating (ECH)/Current Drive (ECCD) system has been installed on the WT-3 tokamak. In order to investigate the effect of localized ECH/ECCD on the MHD instabilities, this system is designed to focus the micro-wave beam into a small focal spot with the radius about 1cm in the plasma center. This radius is smaller than the inversion radius of the sawtooth oscillation observed in WT-3. Utilizing this feature, the experiment on control of sawtooth oscillation by on-axis current drive have been performed. Stabilization of sawtooth by counter-ECCD is observed when the power deposition is localized inside the inversion radius. This result may be due to the decrease in current density near the magnetic axis. For the optimal coupling of the micro-wave to obliquely propagating waves at the plasma surface, a linear-elliptical polarization converter has been installed recently. This polarization converter may raise the effective current drive efficiency by a factor of 1.5 for the injected micro-wave power.

DOI： 10.1585/jspf.75.732

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Plasma Science and Nuclear Fusion Research  

An 89 GHz quasi-optical Electron Cyclotron Heating (ECH)/Current Drive (ECCD) system has been installed on the WT-3 tokamak. In order to investigate the effect of localized ECH/ECCD on the MHD instabilities, this system is designed to focus the micro-wave beam into a small focal spot with the radius about 1cm in the plasma center. This radius is smaller than the inversion radius of the sawtooth oscillation observed in WT-3. Utilizing this feature, the experiment on control of sawtooth oscillation by on-axis current drive have been performed. Stabilization of sawtooth by counter-ECCD is observed when the power deposition is localized inside the inversion radius. This result may be due to the decrease in current density near the magnetic axis. For the optimal coupling of the micro-wave to obliquely propagating waves at the plasma surface, a linear-elliptical polarization converter has been installed recently. This polarization converter may raise the effective current drive efficiency by a factor of 1.5 for the injected micro-wave power.

DOI： 10.1585/jspf.75.732

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：プラズマ・核融合学会  

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A novel modified wiggler for higher harmonic lasing, modified wiggler, has been developed at ILT/ILE. Its magnetic field is expressed as the sum of the harmonic magnetic field components. A trial modified wiggler produced a considerable harmonic field component. A modification ratio, B-3/B-1, of more than 10% was achieved. Using this wiggler, we observed the enhanced 3rd harmonic spontaneous emission. Further, the development of a modified wiggler for harmonic lasing will be presented.

DOI： 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01383-0

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Language：English   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

In this paper, we present a simulation of the dynamic procedure of the photon storage in a practical supercavity (R = 99.99%) pumped by a circular symmetric Gaussian beam. The Fox-Li technique has been used to numerically calculate the field distribution, the diffraction losses, and the round-trip phase shift of TEM(0n) modes. A concept of an effective Fresnel number is put forward. Details of the Fox-Li type calculation are introduced along with the discussions of the convergence in solutions of the iterative equations. The effects of the refraction index of the e-beam and the loss of Compton backscattering by the e-beam inside the cavity are discussed.

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A modified wiggler, with enhanced harmonic fields, was developed for free-electron laser higher harmonic lasing. The harmonic wiggler field was produced by arranging high-permeability shims in the gap spacing of a four-block-per-period Halbach design wiggler. By this method, the 3rd harmonic wiggler field exceeded 18% of the fundamental field. The phasing of the harmonic field could be also controlled by the positioning of the shims.

DOI： 10.1016/0168-9002(94)01269-5

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We developed a metallic photocathode to produce a high-brightness electron beam for freeelectron lasers. Single crystalline lanthanum hexaboride had a quantum yield exceeding 10<SUP>-4</SUP> at 1000 °C with a frequency-tripled Nd: YAG laser. A tungsten cathode, irradiated by a frequency-doubled Nd: YAG laser, emitted photo-electrons through the two-photon process. The quadratic dependence of the photo-current on the laser intensity could improve the low quantum yield of the multi-photon process. This tungsten photocathode is capable of generating an 1 kA/cm2 electron beam. Futher, heating of these materials could increase the quantum yield. With this technique, these cathodes will generate an electron beam, which has normalized brightness more than 10<SUP>11</SUP>A/m<SUP>2</SUP>/rad<SUP>2</SUP>, in a radio-frequency electron gun.

DOI： 10.2184/lsj.23.55

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Language：English   Publisher：AMER INST PHYSICS  

This letter describes a photocathode of tungsten driven by a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser. In this case, photoelectrons emerged by two-photon photoelectric process. The current density quadratically depended on the incident laser intensity, and the quantum yield then increased linearly with the laser intensity. Furthermore, by heating the cathode, we could improve the quantum yield. At a temperature around 1600-degrees-C, the peak current was measured to be 5.8 A with an irradiation of 3.2 MW, and then the quantum yield was to be 2.4 X 10(-6).

DOI： 10.1063/1.111735

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We have observed the oscillation of a waveguide mode free-electron laser using the coherent synchrotron radiation emitted from electron bunches. The oscillation was observed at 2.73 mm with a linewidth of 0.4%. This spectral selection was attributed to the dispersion of the radiation in the waveguide. We found that the oscillating radiation had to have the same group velocity as the velocity of the electrons passing through the wiggler field.

DOI： 10.1063/1.111850

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We have observed radiation from a waveguide mode free electron laser using coherent synchrotron radiation emitted from electron bunches. The radiation was observed at 2.73 mm with a line-width of 0.4%. This spectral selection was attributed to the dispersion of the radiation in the waveguide. We found that the radiation had to have a group velocity equal to the velocity of the electrons passing through the wiggler field.

DOI： 10.1016/0168-9002(94)90320-4

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By using a photocathode, electrons can be generated in the narrow phase of the rf cycle of an rf gun with high peak current. We report experiments on metals and metal compounds to be used as photocathode materials.

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The free-electron-laser experiment in the milli-meter-range by the coherent radiation emitted from an electron bunch is reported. With a 7MeV rf-linac, the spontaneous emission of 20W has been observed. The oscillation experiment has been performed by superimposing this radiation in the resonator. Power of 16W was observed at wavelength of 2.73mm.

DOI： 10.2184/lsj.21.7_746

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Analysis is performed for higher harmonic generation on a modified wiggler.

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