Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：IS&T & SPIE  

A simple and practical technique is presented for creating fine three-dimensional (3D) images with polygon-based computer-generated holograms. The polygon-based method is a technique for computing the optical wave-field of virtual 3D scenes given by a numerical model. The presented method takes less computation time than common point-source methods and produces fine spatial 3D images of deep 3D scenes that convey a strong sensation of depth, unlike conventional 3D systems providing only binocular disparity. However, smooth surfaces cannot be reconstructed using the presented method because the surfaces are approximated by planar polygons. This problem is resolved by introducing a simple rendering technique that is almost the same as that in common computer graphics, since the polygon-based method has similarity to rendering techniques in computer graphics. Two actual computer holograms are presented to verify and demonstrate the proposed technique. One is a hologram of a live face whose shape is measured using a 3D laser scanner that outputs polygon-mesh data. The other is for a scene including the moon. Both are created employing the proposed rendering techniques of the texture mapping of real photographs and smooth shading. (C) 2012 SPIE and IS&T. [DOI: 10.1117/1.JEI.21.2.023002]

DOI： 10.1117/1.JEI.21.2.023002

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OPTICAL SOC AMER  

A technique is presented for realistic rendering in polygon-based computer-generated holograms (CGHs). In this technique, the spatial spectrum of the reflected light is modified to imitate specular reflection. The spectral envelopes of the reflected light are fitted to a spectral shape based on the Phong reflection model used in computer graphics. The technique features fast computation of the field of objects, composed of many specular polygons, and is applicable to creating high-definition CGHs with several billions of pixels. An actual high-definition CGH is created using the proposed technique and is demonstrated for verification of the optical reconstruction of specular surfaces. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America

DOI： 10.1364/AO.50.00H245

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OPTICAL SOC AMER  

Recent developments in computer algorithms, image sensors, and microfabrication technologies make it possible to digitize the whole process of classical holography. This technique, referred to as digitized holography, allows us to create fine spatial three-dimensional (3D) images composed of virtual and real objects. In the technique, the wave field of real objects is captured in a wide area and at very high resolution using the technique of synthetic aperture digital holography. The captured field is incorporated in virtual 3D scenes including two-dimensional digital images and 3D polygon mesh objects. The synthetic field is optically reconstructed using the technique of computer-generated holograms. The reconstructed 3D images present all depth cues like classical holograms but are digitally editable, archivable, and transmittable unlike classical holograms. The synthetic hologram printed by a laser lithography system has a wide viewing zone in full-parallax and give viewers a strong sensation of depth, which has never been achieved by conventional 3D systems. A real hologram as well as the details of the technique is presented to verify the proposed technique. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America

DOI： 10.1364/AO.50.00H278

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OPTICAL SOC AMER  

A large-scale full-parallax computer-generated hologram (CGH) with four billion (2(16) x 2(16)) pixels is created to reconstruct a fine true 3D image of a scene, with occlusions. The polygon-based method numerically generates the object field of a surface object, whose shape is provided by a set of vertex data of polygonal facets, while the silhouette method makes it possible to reconstruct the occluded scene. A novel technique using the segmented frame buffer is presented for handling and propagating large wave fields even in the case where the whole wave field cannot be stored in memory. We demonstrate that the full-parallax CGH, calculated by the proposed method and fabricated by a laser lithography system, reconstructs a fine 3D image accompanied by a strong sensation of depth. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America

DOI： 10.1364/AO.48.000H54

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OPTICAL SOC AMER  

Rotational transformation based on coordinate rotation in Fourier space is a useful technique for simulating wave field propagation between nonparallel planes. This technique is characterized by fast computation because the transformation only requires executing a fast Fourier transform twice and a single interpolation. It is proved that the formula of the rotational transformation mathematically satisfies the Helmholtz equation. Moreover, to verify the formulation and its usefulness in wave optics, it is also demonstrated that the transformation makes it possible to reconstruct an image on arbitrarily tilted planes from a wave field captured experimentally by using digital holography. (c) 2008 Optical Society of America.

DOI： 10.1364/AO.47.00D110

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Authorship：Lead author,　Last author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OPTICAL SOC AMER  

Digitally synthetic holograms of surface model objects are investigated for reconstructing three-dimensional objects with shade and texture. The objects in the proposed techniques are composed of planar surfaces, and a property function defined for each surface provides shape and texture. The field emitted from each surface is independently calculated by a method based on rotational transformation of the property function by use of a fast Fourier transform (FFT) and totaled on the hologram. This technique has led to a reduction in computational cost: FFT operation is required only once for calculating a surface. In addition, another technique based on a theoretical model of the brightness of the reconstructed surfaces enables us to shade the surface of a reconstructed object as designed. Optical reconstructions of holograms synthesized by the proposed techniques are demonstrated. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America.

DOI： 10.1364/AO.44.004607

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Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：ACM  

DOI： 10.1145/3610543.3626182

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Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：ACM  

DOI： 10.1145/3550082.3564162

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Optical Society of America (OSA)  

We propose a method to overcome difficulty of calculating holograms that reconstruct a life-size human using ray-wavefront conversion and multi-viewpoint cameras. Reconstruction of 3D images was verified through a hologram of 128K x 256K.

DOI： 10.1364/DH.2019.Tu4A.4

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OSA - The Optical Society  

In the calculation of large-scale computer-generated holograms, an approach called “tiling,” which divides the hologram plane into small rectangles, is often employed due to limitations on computational memory. However, the total amount of computational complexity severely increases with the number of divisions. In this paper, we propose an efficient method for calculating tiled large-scale holograms using ray-wavefront conversion. In experiments, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by comparing its calculation cost with that using the previous method. Additionally, a hologram of 128K × 128K pixels was calculated and fabricated by a laser-lithography system, and a high-quality 105 mm × 105 mm 3D image including complicated reflection and translucency was optically reconstructed.

DOI： 10.1364/OE.26.010773

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.optcom.2017.11.066

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Other Link： https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/corr/corr1708.html#abs-1708-04233

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：OSA - The Optical Society  

Phase imaging is a useful tool for visualizing transparent specimens, such as biological cells, without fluorescence labeling. Digital holography and diffractive imaging are established methods for phase imaging although they have a tradeoff between the measurement speed and the observable space-bandwidth product [1, 2]. We have recently reported single-shot and wide FOV phase imaging with coded modulation [3-6]. Here we enhance the throughput of this phase imaging method with a super-resolved reconstruction.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：International Display Workshops  

This paper introduces the applications of holography that enable unique user experience in visual interface systems, such as a hyper-realistic 3D display by integrating light-field and computational holography, holographic 3D-touch interface, and flat-panel eye-contact camera-display system using a holographic optical element.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OPTICAL SOC AMER  

We present an algorithm for reconstructing an object complex field with resolution below that of an image sensor (subpixel resolution) in single-shot diffractive imaging with coded diffraction. The algorithm employs subpixel phase retrieval and sparse regularization based on compressive sensing. This is useful for high-speed or high-sensitivity imaging using an image sensor with a low pixel count and/or a large pixel size. We experimentally demonstrated the proposed method with two types of moving objects. (C) 2017 Optical Society of America

DOI： 10.1364/AO.56.007642

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

High-definition CGHs can reconstruct high-quality 3D images that are comparable to that in conventional optical holography. However, it was difficult to exhibit full-color images reconstructed by these high-definition CGHs, because three CGHs for RGB colors and a bulky image combiner were needed to produce full-color images. Recently, we reported a novel technique for full-color reconstruction using RGB color filters, which are similar to that used for liquid-crystal panels. This technique allows us to produce full-color high-definition CGHs composed of a single plate and place them on exhibition. By using the technique, we demonstrate full-color CGHs that reconstruct hybrid scenes comprised of real-existing physical objects and CG-modeled virtual objects in this paper. Here, the wave field of the physical object are obtained from dense multi-viewpoint images by employing the ray-sampling (RS) plane technique. In addition to the technique for full-color capturing and reconstruction of real object fields, the principle and simulation technique for full-color CGHs using RGB color filters are presented.

DOI： 10.1117/12.2251414

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

Several full-color high-definition CGHs are created for reconstructing 3D scenes including real-existing physical objects. The field of the physical objects are generated or captured by employing three techniques; 3D scanner, synthetic aperture digital holography, and multi-viewpoint images. Full-color reconstruction of high-definition CGHs is realized by RGB color filters. The optical reconstructions are presented for verifying these techniques.

DOI： 10.1117/12.2265798

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

We propose a fast calculation method to synthesize a computer-generated hologram (CGH) of realistic deep threedimensional (3D) scene. In our previous study, we have proposed a calculation method of CGH for reproducing such scene called ray-sampling-plane (RSP) method, in which light-ray information of a scene is converted to wavefront, and the wavefront is numerically propagated based on diffraction theory. In this paper, we introduce orthographic projection to the RSP method for accelerating calculation time. By numerical experiments, we verified the accelerated calculation with the ratio of 28-times compared to the conventional RSP method. The calculated CGH was fabricated by the printing system using laser lithography and demonstrated deep 3D image reconstruction in 52mmx52mm with realistic appearance effect such as gloss and translucent effect.

DOI： 10.1117/12.2212301

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Optical Society of America (OSA)  

A novel technique using frequency filtering is presented for cutting down memory usage required for creating high-definition computer-generated holograms. The memory usage is reduced to one-fourth of what it was before by this technique.

DOI： 10.1364/dh.2015.dm4a.6

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

Several techniques are introduced and reviewed in high-definition computer holography. The reconstructed object is usually CG-modeled virtual objects, but it is possible to digitally record light of physical objects and reconstruct it by the high-definition computer-generated hologram. The process can be considered as a sort of digital signal processing of light.

DOI： 10.1117/12.2188046

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE  

We propose a technique for optimization of design-wavelengths in trichromatic computer holography. Full color reconstruction of high-definition computer-generated holograms (CGH) is simply realized by combining three primary color images reconstructed by three CGHs. However, chromatic aberrations occur in the reconstruction, because incoherent light sources such as LED are commonly used for the illumination. Since these chromatic aberrations change dependently on the design-wavelengths of CGHs as well as the shape of illumination spectra, optimization techniques based on simulated reconstruction of CGHs is presented to obtain the most unobtrusive color aberration from spectra specific to the light source.

DOI： 10.1117/12.2076876

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

Several techniques are reviewed in high-definition computer holography. These techniques are based on numerical techniques in wave optics. For example, the polygon-based method based on propagation between tilted planes is used for calculating the field of polygonal surface sources of light. Numerical propagation of large-scaled field is also implemented by using the technique of off-axis propagation. The silhouette method for occlusion processing is based on the angular spectrum method for propagation between parallel planes. The relation between computer holography and computational optics are presented and several high-definition CGHs using these techniques are demonstrated for verifying the techniques.

DOI： 10.1117/12.2197470

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

A method called the switch-back technique allows us to drastically reduce computation time of occlusionprocessing based on the polygon-by-polygon silhouette light-shielding. It is also reported that further reduction of computation time can be achieved by splitting an object to some sub-models along with depth direction. However, computational cost for numerical propagation between the sub-models increases with increasing the number of sub-models. As a result, there is an optimum number of sub-models. In this paper, we propose a technique to predict the optimum number of sub-models by estimating the total computational complexity of the switch-back technique with object splitting.

DOI： 10.1117/12.2075998

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：IEEE  

In this paper, a new technique for occlusion processing is proposed in computer holography. The new technique based on the silhouette method is very fast as compared with the conventional methods. This technique allows us to remove hidden-surfaces of self-occlude objects and makes it possible to reconstruct fine spatial 3D images that are comparable to that in classical holography. The performance and optical reconstruction is reported.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

High-definition computer holography based on the polygon-based method commonly uses the silhouette method to shield light behind objects for hidden surface removal. However, the light-shielding is not perfect and causes leakage light passing through many gaps between silhouette-shaped masks. Although we have proposed the principle of more rigorous technique to remove the leakage light, the technique has never been applied to the actual high-definition computer holography because of its long computation time. We propose some techniques to reduce the computation time and apply the rigorous technique to high-definition computer holography. A CGH created by the proposed method is demonstrated.

DOI： 10.1117/12.2039216

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

The wavefront printer is an equipment to produce computer-generated holograms (CGH) as a volume hologram. This printer records the wavefront generated by spatial light modulator (SLM). We propose a novel technique for applying phase-only SLM to the wavefront printer without losing the advantage of the wide space-band product of phase modulation. The phase-only SLM commonly has the problem of degradation of generated wavefronts because of coding noise due to phase only modulation. To reduce the noise, a technique is presented in order to partially modulate amplitude of recording light in phase-only SLM.

DOI： 10.1117/12.2039174

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Optical Society of America (OSA)  

A novel technique for hidden-surface removal, called switch-back technique, is proposed for fast generation of full-parallax CGHs. The basic theory based on Bibinet's law as well as the performances are presented with the reconstruction of CGHs. © 2014 OSA.

DOI： 10.1364/dh.2014.dtu2b.7

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2013A.0.291.0

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：IOP PUBLISHING LTD  

Our recent works of high-definition computer-generated holograms (CGH) and the techniques used for the creation, such as the polygon-based method, silhouette method and digitized holography, are summarized and reviewed in this paper. The concept of computer holography is proposed in terms of integrating and crystalizing the techniques into novel digital art.

DOI： 10.1088/1742-6596/415/1/012053

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The angular spectrum method (ASM) calculates diffraction calculation in a high numerical aperture, unlike Fresnel diffraction. However, this method does not allow us to calculate at different sampling rates on source and destination planes. In this Letter, we propose a scaled ASM that calculates diffraction at different sampling rates on source and destination planes using the nonuniform fast Fourier transform. © 2012 Optical Society of America.

DOI： 10.1364/OL.37.004128

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Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.2184/lsj.40.18

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

A novel method for hidden-surface removal is proposed for accelerating computation of full-parallax computergenerated holograms (CGHs). When creating high-definition CGHs, the silhouette method is probably the only realistic technique to produce occluded 3D scenes. However, the conventional silhouette method is inefficient and more time-consuming for calculating sparse 3D scenes that include many small objects. Although derived from the silhouette method, the proposed method considerably reduces the computation time for sparse scenes by using Babinet's principle and partial wave field propagation. A definite algorithm as well as formulation is presented in this paper. Furthermore, high-definition CGHs created by the proposed method are demonstrated for verifying the validity of the method.

DOI： 10.3169/itej.66.J136

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

Novel techniques is proposed for rendering specular smooth surfaces in polygon-based computer holography that features reconstruction of fine 3D images accompanied with strong sensation of depth. The technique is an improvement of the conventional technique for rendering flat specular surfaces. In this technique, phase distribution that works as a diffuser is divided into small rectangular segments and the reflection direction is controlled for each segment. In addition, this new method increases freedom for lighting the object. Two high-definition CGHs are calculated by the proposed method. One of them is fabricated and demonstrated for verifying the technique.

DOI： 10.1117/12.908871

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

Image-type binary CGHs, fabricated by a laser lithography system, commonly lost the object shading and texture. This is caused by the binary amplitude fringe that is unable to reconstruct object brightness because amplitude information of the object field is removed by binarization if the object is too close to the hologram. In this paper, optimized error diffusion is applied to encoding binary-amplitude image-type CGHs in order to improve reconstruction of surface shading and texture. An actual image-type high-definition CGHs is created by the proposed technique and demonstrated to verify that the CGHs can be reconstructed by white light source without much chromatic aberration.

DOI： 10.1117/12.908353

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

A novel method is proposed to provide exact prediction of the optical reconstruction of full-parallax computer generated holograms (CGHs). The wave field emitted from the CGH is numerically propagated into a pupil, and then the image formation by a lens is simulated by a procedure based on wave optics. Two numerical techniques for free space propagation, the shifted-Presnel diffraction and rotational transformation, are used for the numerical calculation. Our method thus enables the viewpoint to be moved and the gaze point to be changed. This technique allows us to confirm the effect of non-diffraction light and the conjugate image of full-parallax large-scaled CGHs prior to their fabrication.

DOI： 10.3169/itej.65.1793

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

Polygon-based methods accelerate computation of high-definition computer-generated holograms (CGH). However, the computation time is still very long in the cases where the object model has severe self-occlusion, because processing of hidden surface is necessary for computing the object field. In this report, a novel technique using distributed processing is proposed to speed up and scale-up the computation of high-definition CGHs of self-occluded objects employing the polygon-based method and the silhouette method.

DOI： 10.11485/itetr.35.35.0_9

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

Four novel techniques are introduced into polygon-based high-definition CGHs (PBHD-CGH) that feature the true-fine spatial 3D image accompanied with a strong sensation of depth. The first is algorithm for creating specular surfaces based on Phong reflection model. This is very useful for providing a feel of material to polygonal surfaces. The second technique is called digitized holography that replaces the entire processes of classical holography by their digital counterparts. The wave-field of real-existent objects can be optically reconstructed by the digitized holography. This technique makes it possible to edit the 3D scene of holograms or create mixed 3D scene of the real and virtual objects. Another technique for creating PBHD-CGH of real-existent objects is also proposed by a CG-like method using a 3D laser scanner that measures the 3D shape of the object. Finally, a prototype PBHD-CGH is demonstrated for creating landscape scenery. This CGH is intended to reconstruct a scene as if the viewers see mountain scenery through the window given by the CGH.

DOI： 10.1117/12.876362

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

Recent development of computer algorithms and micro fabrication technologies allows us to reconstruct the wave-field of light emitted from a completely virtual 3D scene given by the numerical model. In addition, recent evolution of image sensors and a technique for capturing real object waves makes it possible to digitize the whole process of classical holography. The wave-field of the virtual, real, and hybrid scene are optically reconstructed by the computer holograms fabricated by laser lithography system. The produced spatial 3D images have a wide viewing-zone in full-parallax and give viewers a strong sensation of depth, which never has been caused by conventional 3D systems.

DOI： 10.1117/12.884371

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：IEEE  

High-definition computer-generated holograms (CGH) created by the polygon-based method feature reconstruction of very fine 3D image accompanied with strong sensation of depth. However, rendering technique for specular surfaces has not been established. We propose a novel technique for smooth shading of specular surfaces in the polygon-based method. This technique divides the surface function of polygons into some segments and controls the spectral envelopes.

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

High-definition computer-generated holograms (CGH) created by the polygon-based method feature reconstruction of very fine 3D image accompanied with strong sensation of depth. But rendering technique for smooth shading of specular surfaces has not been established. In this paper, a new rendering method is proposed for smooth shading of specular surfaces in the polygon-based CGH. Surface functions are divided into rectangular segments and the spectral envelopes are modified so as to produce metal-like specular reflection.

DOI： 10.11485/itetr.35.14.0_77

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：IEEE  

A novel method named digitized holography is proposed for 3D display systems. This is the technique replacing the whole process of classical holography with digital processing of optical wave-fields. The digitized holography allows us to edit holograms and reconstruct spatial 3D images including real-existent objects and CG-modeled virtual objects.

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

A novel rendering technique is attempted for reconstructing transparent objects in polygon-based method. In this technique, refraction of light is treated by a method based on wave-optics. The transparent objects are approximated to a half-cutting model and their refractive light is obtained by the proposed method polygon by polygon. A CGH is calculated by the proposed technique and its simulated reconstruction is demonstrated.

DOI： 10.11485/itetr.35.42.0_27

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

A novel technique is proposed for expanding the horizontal viewing-angle by employing time-division method in electro-holography. In this technique, electrically switched multiple laser diodes (LD) produce multiple hologram images without any complex optics and moving parts. In the prototype system, the horizontal viewing-angle of the hologram reconstructed by a single SLM is expanded four times with 4 LD sources. It is verified that the optically reconstruction of a CGH movie, calculated by the polygon-based method, is clearly viewed with two naked eyes.

DOI： 10.11485/itetr.35.42.0_23

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

Image-type binary CGHs commonly lost the surface shading and texture-mapping in the optical reconstruction. This is caused by the binary amplitude fringe that is unable to reconstruct object brightness because amplitude information of the object field is removed by binarization if the object is close to the hologram. In this paper, an optimized error diffusion technique is proposed to improve shading and texture-mapping. Image-type high-definition CGHs created by the proposed technique can be reconstructed by white light.

DOI： 10.11485/itetr.35.35.0_13

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OPTICAL SOC AMER  

A novel method is proposed for simulating free-space propagation from an input source field to a destination sampling window laterally shifted from that in the source field. This off-axis type numerical propagation is realized using the shifted-Fresnel method (Shift-FR) and is very useful for calculating non-paraxial and large-scale fields. However, the Shift-FR is prone to a serious problem, in that it causes strong aliasing errors in short distance propagation. The proposed method, based on the angular spectrum method, resolves this problem. Numerical examples as well as the formulation are presented. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America

DOI： 10.1364/OE.18.018453

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

High-definition CGH, created by the polygon-based method, features the reconstruction of spatial 3D images accompanied with a strong sensation of depth because of light-shielding by the Silhouette method. However, hidden-surface removal by the Silhouette method is not easy in self-occluded and uninterrupted large objects such as landscapes like a miniature garden. In this study, a CGH that reconstructs the mountains scenery is created by splitting the mesh data of the scenery generated by Terragen that is a software for generating the 3D scene of a landscape.

DOI： 10.11485/itetr.34.36.0_9

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

The wave field of real objects can be recorded by using digital holography. However, the resolution of common image sensors is too low to reconstruct the captured object field by high-definition CGHs, because both the pixel pitch and the number of pixels are insufficient for optical reconstruction by such high quality CGHs. Therefore, the technique of phase-shifting lensless synthetic-aperture digital holography is used for capturing the object field. The captured field is binary-encoded after the numerical interference and then reconstructed as the amplitude hologram in high resolution.

DOI： 10.11485/itetr.34.36.0_5

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：INST IMAGE INFORMATION & TELEVISION ENGINEERS  

Extremely high-definition displays beyond Super Hi-Vision give us a new horizon in the field of 3D imaging. This paper introduces spatial 3D imaging brought by computational holography and techniques for numerical propagation of wave-fields that make it possible to create the spatial 3D images.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

A large-scale CGH named "The Venus", created by using the polygon-based method, was demonstrated in the last year. However, the 3D scene of the Venus is restricted by the shifted Fresnel method used for numerical propagation using segmented frame buffers, because severe aliasing errors are produced if the propagation distance is shorter than a specific value in the method. In this paper, a novel method referred to as the shifted angular spectrum method is proposed for short distance propagation using the segmented frame buffers. The method can remove the restriction and give flexibility to design of 3D scenes. Both CGHs calculated by old and new methods are demonstrated.

DOI： 10.1117/12.844606

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：INST IMAGE INFORMATION & TELEVISION ENGINEERS  

Spatial 3D images created by high-definition computational holography are actually demonstrated. The demonstrated 3D images are static images at this stage. However, these presage the great future of 3D displays beyond the Super Hi-Vision because of its strong sensation of depth, which never has been caused by conventional 3D systems.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OPTICAL SOC AMER  

A novel method is proposed for simulating free-space propagation. This method is an improvement of the angular spectrum method (AS). The AS does not include any approximation of the propagation distance, because the formula thereof is derived directly from the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld equation. However, the AS is not an all-round method, because it produces severe numerical errors due to a sampling problem of the transfer function even in Fresnel regions. The proposed method resolves this problem by limiting the bandwidth of the propagation field and also expands the region in which exact fields can be calculated by the AS. A discussion on the validity of limiting the bandwidth is also presented. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America

DOI： 10.1364/OE.17.019662

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

In the last decades, point-based methods are used for computing the object wave of 3D objects. However, the computation is much time-consuming for shaping surface objects, and furthermore, there is no practical algorithm for light-shielding to reconstruct occluded scenes in full-parallax CGHs. We report a CGH that is calculated by the polygon-based method for forming 3D surface objects and the silhouette method for light-shielding to reconstruct occluded scenes. This CGH, fabricated by using a laser lithography technology, reconstructs the true fine 3D image accompanied by a strong sensation of depth.

DOI： 10.11485/itetr.33.24.0_27

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

A novel technique is presented for calculating large-scale CGHs by using polygon-based method. In the technique, wave fields are regionally segmented and propagated by using the shifted Fresnel method. As a result, large CGHs can be calculated even in the case that the whole frame buffer can not be stored in main memory. The produced full-parallax CGH has the size of four billion pixels and reconstructs the fine image of a smooth surface object accompanied with a strong depth sensation.

DOI： 10.1117/12.808633

Web of Science

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

A novel method for hidden surface removal is proposed in full parallax CGHs. This method is an improvement of the conventional silhouette method and calculates the object field faster than the conventional method in cases of creation of large-scale CGHs. The conventional method requires the same number of operations of total field propagation with the number of objects, whereas this method shields light based on the Babinet's principle and partial field propagation and does not use total field propagation at all. Therefore, in creation of large-scale CGHs that needs segmented frame buffers, the proposed method calculates the object field of occluded scenes much faster than the conventional method.

DOI： 10.11485/itetr.33.35.0_1

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

Techniques for numerical simulation of CGH-reconstruction have been reported in some literatures. However, the reported image is not the retinal image formed by lens of human eyes, and it is not presented to confirm the influence of non-diffraction light and the conjugate image. Recently, we proposed a novel technique for simulated reconstruction. This new method simulates the retinal image of reconstruction of CGHs by using methods of the shifted Fresnel diffraction and rotational transformation. We report the influence in reconstruction in cases that the illumination wave used in reconstruction is different from the reference wave used in CGH calculation.

DOI： 10.11485/itetr.33.35.0_5

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OPTICAL SOC AMER  

Free-viewpoint images obtained from phase-shifting synthetic aperture digital holography are given for scenes that include multiple objects and a concave object. The synthetic aperture technique is used to enlarge the effective sensor size and to make it possible to widen the range of changing perspective in the numerical reconstruction. The lensless Fourier setup and its aliasing-free zone are used to avoid aliasing errors arising at the sensor edge and to overcome a common problem in digital holography, namely, a narrow field of view. A change of viewpoint is realized by a double numerical propagation and by clipping the wave field by a given pupil. The computational complexity for calculating an image in the given perspective from the base complex-valued image is estimated at a double fast Fourier transform. The experimental results illustrate the natural change of appearance in cases of both multiple objects and a concave object. (c) 2008 Optical Society of America.

DOI： 10.1364/AO.47.00D136

Web of Science

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

In this paper we report a method of removing hidden surfaces in full-parallax computer-generated holograms. First, we examine the handling of light shielding by tilted patches in terms of wave optics, and then propose a silhouette approximation. In addition, we derive a recurrence formula to synthesize object light waves with hidden surface removal by the proposed method. We show that appearance of optically reconstructed surface object of the full-parallax holograms generated by the proposed method varies in a natural manner as the observation point is changed. This study achieves hidden surface removal in full-parallax holograms, which was believed to be possible only if vertical parallax is ignored. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/scj.20345

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Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.2184/lsj.35.299

CiNii Books

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Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

In binary phase encoding of computer-generated holograms (CGHs), quantization usually decreases the quality of the reconstructed image. For reducing the quantization and coding noises, we developed an adaptive error-diffusion method by using the simultaneous perturbation algorithm in which the diffusion coefficients are adapted for the size and layout of the object. Furthermore, binary phase-encoded CGHs were fabricated by using a mask-transferring process. Its optical reconstructions and numerical reconstructions in a Fourier setup were demonstrated.

DOI： 10.3169/itej.60.561

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Inst. of Image Information and Television Engineers  

Our fringe printer for printing digitally synthetic holograms, which we reported in a previous article, was improved to increase its stability and resolution. The old model was capable of printing elliptical dots in a diameter of 2×4 μm by focusing the beam of a laser diode onto a hologram dry plate. However, active control to focus the laser beam was not taken into account in the design, and therefore, the resolution and the stability were limited. The new fringe printer has had mechanisms incorporated to detect surface undulations in the recording materials and control the beam waist only on the surface. These improvements made it possible to reduce the dot size to 1.5×3 μm and to keep the dots size within a large area.

DOI： 10.3169/itej.58.1665

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Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author  

Kansai University Research Grants

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OPTICAL SOC AMER  

A novel method for simulating field propagation is presented. The method, based on the angular spectrum of plane waves and coordinate rotation in the Fourier domain, removes geometric limitations posed by conventional propagation calculation and enables us to calculate complex amplitudes of diffracted waves on a plane not parallel to the aperture. This method can be implemented by using the fast Fourier transformation twice and a spectrum interpolation. It features computation time that is comparable with that of standard calculation methods for diffraction or propagation between parallel planes. To demonstrate the method, numerical results as well as a general formulation are reported for a single-axis rotation. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America.

DOI： 10.1364/JOSAA.20.001755

Web of Science

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

Optical systems can be understood as a sequence of homogeneous and inhomogeneous regions (free spaces and optical elements). In wave-optical engineering these regions are often analyzed separately using different physical approximations. The propagation of a wave within a homogeneous medium is well understood and described by different propagation integrals (for example by the angular spectrum of plane waves propagation, the Rayleigh Sommerfeld propagation and paraxial approximations following from these integrals). To allow a fast numerical evaluation of these integrals, typically Fast Fourier Transforms are used. If the propagation integrals are evaluated using Fast Fourier Transforms it follows automatically that start and end plane of the propagation have to be perpendicular to the optical axis. This can be a disadvantage if the complex amplitude of a propagating wave has to be calculated on a plane non-parallel to the start plane of the propagation. Examples are the propagation of a wave to a screen which is tilted to the optical axis, the calculation of reflection of a wave on a tilted mirror and changing of the main propagation direction of a wave after a prism.
The authors will demonstrate a modified propagation integral based on the angular spectrum of plane wave propagation that overcomes this limitation and allows a fast numerical evaluation using Fast Fourier Transforms. The advantage of the propagation method will be demonstrated on various examples.

Web of Science

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Inst. of Image Information and Television Engineers  

A special-purpose high-resolution printer has been constructed for fabricating computer-generated holograms. This printer is capable of drawing fringe patterns exceeding 104 dpi in resolution. The patterns are numerically synthesized and have a continuous gray level. The print time is less than an hour for holograms measuring 1 cm2. The mechanism and structure of the constructed printer and optically reconstructed images of holograms fabricated by using the printer are described.

DOI： 10.3169/itej.56.1989

Scopus

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING  

Novel method for synthesizing light waves from objects expressed in surface model is presented for fast creation of digitally synthetic holograms. This method has a feature of coordinates rotation in Fourier domain, in which only twice FFTs and an interpolation of spectrum are necessary for calculation of light waves from each object's plane. Therefore, presented method is rather faster than conventional ray-tracing when large scale full-parallax holograms are synthesized in a surface model. Phases of a surface object are also discussed in relation to controlling the direction and diffusiveness of object waves. Furthermore, fabrication of a hologram based on the method and its reconstruction are presented for a demonstration.

Web of Science

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Inst. of Image Information and Television Engineers  

A method has been developed for synthesizing full-parallax binary-amplitude holograms that can shade three-dimensional objects expressed in a surface model. The brightness of plane surfaces formed with point sources of light is modeled based on radiometry. A procedure is used to compensate for the change in brightness as the direction of observation changes, A masking technique is used to modify the brightness of the plane surfaces and to shade reconstructed images of binary holograms, Optically reconstructed three-dimensional images of objects with shading were demonstrated using this method.

DOI： 10.3169/itej.56.986

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Laser Society of Japan  

This paper presents a novel type of optically pumped molecular laser and its output propertieswhich were measured for several operational parameters. This optically side-pumped laser emits a sub-millimeter wave and features a lateral incidence of the infrared pump light. The dimension of the fabricated laser is 640×190 ×185 mm<SUP>3</SUP> and is considerably compact compared to conventional, optically pumped molecular lasers. The optically side-pumped laser, which operates on a CH<SUB>3</SUB>OH 119μm line pumped with CO<SUB>2</SUB> 9P (36), emitted a power of 39 μW at a pump power of 13 W. Gain profiles, absorption efficiency and the reflection loss of pump light in the new laser are theoretically discussed and compared with those of the conventional end-pumped type.

DOI： 10.2184/lsj.29.260

CiNii Books

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/10112/5898

Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：OPTICAL SOC AMER  

A method for accelerating the synthesis of computer-generated three-dimensional (3-D) holograms, based on conventional ray tracing, is proposed. In ray tracing, computers expend almost all of their resources in calculating the 3-D distances between each one of the point sources composing an object and a sampling point on the hologram. We present recurrence formulas that precisely compute the distances and reduce the computation time for synthesizing holograms to one half to one quarter, depending on the processor type. We demonstrate that a full-parallax hologram with an area of 4800 x 4800 pixels, synthesized for a 3-D object containing 966 point sources of light, is computed within 17 min and is optically reconstructed. (C) 2000 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 000.4430, 090.1760, 090.2870.

DOI： 10.1364/AO.39.006587

Web of Science

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

We report directional anisotropy of the outputs of an optically pumped far-infrared ring laser, which operates on the 119 mu m line of CH3OH, with special emphasis on the effect of the Raman-type two-photon process on the unidirectional operation. By use of a Doppler broadened three-level system which allows the coexistence of two counterpropagating far infrared (fir) fields as well as a pump field in the cavity, an expression for the fir intensity determining equations is derived, A numerical calculation has been carried out to map the threshold contours on the parameter plane spanned by the cavity and pump detuning frequencies. The output directionality is shown to be a direct consequence of the gain anisotropy due to the two-photon process. Furthermore, it is also noted how the dynamic Stark effect modifies the threshold contours of the forward output.

DOI： 10.1016/0030-4018(96)00360-4

Web of Science

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

An experimental and theoretical investigation has been made on the unidirectional operation of an optically pumped far infrared ring laser. A ring laser operating on the 119 mu m line of CH3OH experiences reversal of output direction in either case of (a) the pump frequency being tuned across the line center of the infrared pump transition or (b) the fir cavity being tuned across the far infrared line center. A model based on two-mode laser theory predicts the output directionality of the optically pumped fir ring laser.

DOI： 10.1016/0030-4018(95)00189-F

Web of Science

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：レ-ザ-学会  

DOI： 10.2184/lsj.20.20

CiNii Books

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：PLENUM PUBL CORP  

DOI： 10.1007/BF01009116

Web of Science

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Electric field effect on absorption in some pump transitions of CH3OH fir laser lines is analysed in terms of zero-field level-crossing effect with reference to homogeneous linewidths observed in intermodulated absorption method with photoacoustic etection. © 1988 SPIE.

DOI： 10.1117/12.978486

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.2184/lsj.16.63

CiNii Books

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Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/10112/5899

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：PLENUM PUBL CORP  

DOI： 10.1007/BF01010818

Web of Science

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Laser Society of Japan  

DOI： 10.2184/lsj.15.Supplement_23

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CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：映像情報メディア学会  

Full-parallax high-definition CGHs were mainly created by using the polygon-based method because of the computation time. In particular, high-definition CGHs fabricated by laser lithography have never been calculated by the point cloud. However, development of GPU makes the point cloud be useful for creating high-definition CGHs. In this paper, we actually calculate full-parallax high-definition CGHs with 4 billion pixels by using the point cloud with GPU and fabricate them. The computation time and the optical reconstruction are verified in comparison with the polygon-based method.

DOI： 10.11485/itetr.40.29.0_13

CiNii Books

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CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese  

CiNii Books

J-GLOBAL

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：関西大学先端科学技術推進機構  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：関西大学先端科学技術推進機構  

CiNii Books

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CiNii Books

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CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese  

J-GLOBAL

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：関西大学先端科学技術推進機構  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

Appropriate occlusion-processing is absolutely necessary for reconstruction of fine 3D images in computer holography. A method called the switch-back technique allows us to drastically reduce computation time of the occlusion-processing based on the polygon-by-polygon silhouette light-shielding. In this technique, further reduction of computation time can be achieved by splitting an object to some sub-objects along with depth direction. However, the number of numerical propagations between the sub-objects increases with increasing the number of sub-objects. As a result, there is an optimum number of sub-objects. In this paper, we propose a novel technique to estimate more accurate optimal number of sub-objects than that by the conventional technique.

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：関西大学先端科学技術推進機構  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：関西大学先端科学技術推進機構  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

The wavefront printer is equipment for producing computer-generated holograms (CGH) as volume holograms. This printer records the wavefront generate by spatial light modulator (SLM). We use the phase-only SLM to generate the wavefront because of its wide space-band product. However, the phase-only SLM causes a problem of degradation of reconstructed images because of coding noise due to phase only modulation. This paper describes a technique to make complex amplitude modulation by using a phase-only SLM and ease the coding noise.

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

In past several years, "computer holography" that is the technique for creating computer-generated hologram (CGH) is being developed and expected as a new digital art. However, artists or designers who are potential creators of hologram works have the problem of acquiring deep knowledge in optics and programming skills that are required to design 3D scenes and calculate the object field of the scene. To ease this situation, we are developing software system for designing 3D scenes and creating CGH works. This system mainly consists of two tools that are an interactive design tool for designing 3D scenes and a class library which describes the designed 3D scenes as XML and makes it possible to save/load the scene and reuse it in researcher's experimental programs. In this report, we mainly focus on the process to create a real CGH work by using the interactive design tool at current development stage.

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

Computer-generated holograms that reconstruct object fields synthesized by polygon-based method or captured by digitized holography are expected as a new digital art. However, artists or designers, who are potential creators of hologram works, are required to have deep knowledge in optics and programming skills in order to calculate the object fields of 3D scenes by using the methods. To ease this situation, we are developing software tools for scene design and numerical synthesis of object fields. The tools are easy to use for any non-expert and capable of describing the parameters of 3D scenes and object fields as a generic XML format. This system is expected to provide wide software basis in computer holography, such as computation engines for various purposes. We report the system architecture and the current state of the development.

CiNii Books

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CiNii Books

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（日本語版）YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8lYNDHKEMDc <br />
（英語版）YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DdOveIue3sc

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers  

CiNii Books

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Publisher：The International Society for Optical Engineering  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers  

CiNii Books

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Publisher：The International Society for Optical Engineering  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：関西大学  

CiNii Books

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CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Forum on Information Technology  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers  

CiNii Books

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Publisher：The International Society for Optical Engineering  

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Language：English   Publisher：Optical Society of America  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：関西大学  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：関西大学  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人映像情報メディア学会  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers  

An investigation has been made on computer-generated holograms for 3-D objects composed of plane surfaces. Brightness of the plane surface uniformly filled with point sources is analyzed by a model based on photometry. Algorithm which effectively utilizes geometric relations between the plane surface and a hologram is suggested for a fast calculation of object waves.

CiNii Books

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CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：関西大学工業技術研究所  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Physical Society of Japan (JPS)  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Physical Society of Japan (JPS)  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人日本物理学会  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人日本物理学会  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人日本物理学会  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人日本物理学会  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：一般社団法人日本物理学会  

CiNii Books

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Venue：San Francisco  

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Venue：Sapporo Convention Center  

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Venue：大阪府立大学  

Invited

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

Venue：Jiaoxi (Taiwan)  

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Venue：筑波大学東京キャンパス  

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Venue：機械振興会館(東京)  

映情学技報, vol. 40, no. 36, 3DIT2016-29, pp. 13-16, 2016年10月

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Venue：Heidelberg (Germany)  

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Venue：Heidelberg (Germany)  

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Venue：埼玉大(東京)  

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Venue：Hsinchu (Taiwan)  

http://www.facebook.com/HODIC2015/

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Venue：Ginowan (Okinawa)  

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Venue：Ginowan (Okinawa)  

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2076876

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Venue：San Francisco (USA)  

http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2075998

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Venue：Beijing, china  

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Venue：Seattle  

http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/DH.2014.DTu2B.7

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Venue：Neuchatel (Switzerland)  

Invited, http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/WIO.2014.6933293

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Venue：MIT Media Lab, Cambridge  

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Venue：Antalya, Turkey  

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Venue：Antalya, Turkey  

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Venue：Los Angeles  

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Venue：Vancouver  

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Venue：Vienna， Austria  

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Venue：関西大学  

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Application no：特願2003-309517  Date applied：2003.9

Patent/Registration no：特許第4535422号  Date registered：2010.6  Date issued：2010.6

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